Human ReproductionPubertySexual BehaviorAnatomyExternal GenitaliaVaginal EnvironmentCervixUterusOvaryMale FactsProstate Gland in MaleMenopauseAndropausePowerPoint PresentationSlide 15Basal Body TemperatureSlide 17Ovulatory PainCumulative Pregnancy RatePregnancyInfertilityAdequate Contact or Exposure - ProblemsAge Associated ProblemsMisconceptions and ConsiderationsFemale InfertilityStimulating Follicular Growth and OvulationTubal DiseaseMale InfertilitySterilizationBirth ControlSlide 31Erythroblastosis FetalisErythroblastosis Fetalis (cont.)Sexually Transmitted DiseasesHuman ReproductionHuman ReproductionAnimal Science 434 - John ParrishAnimal Science 434 - John ParrishPubertyPubertyFemale»11 - 12 years»Influences–Nutrition–Economic status–Trends over last centuryMale»13 - 14 years»Influences–Same as for female»Trends over the last centuryFemale»11 - 12 years»Influences–Nutrition–Economic status–Trends over last centuryMale»13 - 14 years»Influences–Same as for female»Trends over the last centurySexual BehaviorSexual BehaviorAnatomyAnatomyFemaleFemaleMaleMaleExternal GenitaliaExternal GenitaliaLubricates Vagina before and during intercourse•Source of Pheromones•Dorm effectLubricates Vagina before and during intercourse•Source of Pheromones•Dorm effectVaginal EnvironmentVaginal EnvironmentNormally acidicChanges from medications, douches, lubricants»Infections–Yeast –BacterialNormally acidicChanges from medications, douches, lubricants»Infections–Yeast –BacterialCervixCervixSome think this is a sperm storage site in humanSperm survive up to 2 daysIncrease in cervical mucous at time of ovulation»Response to increased estrogen levels Some think this is a sperm storage site in humanSperm survive up to 2 daysIncrease in cervical mucous at time of ovulation»Response to increased estrogen levelsUterusUterusNormal is simplexAbnormal »Bicornuate or septae uterus–Early delivery or spontaneous abortion–Uterus can not enlarge enough»duplexNormal is simplexAbnormal »Bicornuate or septae uterus–Early delivery or spontaneous abortion–Uterus can not enlarge enough»duplexOvaryOvary400,000 oocytes at birthDecrease with ageBetween 40 - 50 years of age enter menopause400,000 oocytes at birthDecrease with ageBetween 40 - 50 years of age enter menopauseMale FactsMale Factspenis is muscular vascular ejaculate is approx. 3 ml with 200 million sperm/ml. ejaculate coagulates upon ejaculation and then liquifies within 30 minutes penis is muscular vascular ejaculate is approx. 3 ml with 200 million sperm/ml. ejaculate coagulates upon ejaculation and then liquifies within 30 minutesProstate Gland in MaleProstate Gland in MaleProstate gland hyperplasia»First growth at puberty»Second growth starts after age 25»Urinary symptoms don’t occur before age 40–50% of men at 60 have symptoms–90% of men at 70 - 80 have symptoms»Symptoms–a hesitant, interrupted, weak stream–urgency and leaking or dribbling–more frequent urination, especially at night »Treatment–5 alpha reductase inhibitors–Minimal invasive procedures–SurgeryProstate gland hyperplasia»First growth at puberty»Second growth starts after age 25»Urinary symptoms don’t occur before age 40–50% of men at 60 have symptoms–90% of men at 70 - 80 have symptoms»Symptoms–a hesitant, interrupted, weak stream–urgency and leaking or dribbling–more frequent urination, especially at night »Treatment–5 alpha reductase inhibitors–Minimal invasive procedures–SurgeryMenopauseMenopauseBegins at 40 - 55 years of ageNo follicles left to grow»No estrogen - causes symptomsDetection»Variable menstrual cycles»Behavior changes and physical changes»FSH increase–HMG (human menopausal gonadotropin)Hormonal Replacement (estrogen and progesterone)»Relieves behavioral and physical changes»Cadiovascular benefits????»Calcium uptake increasesBegins at 40 - 55 years of ageNo follicles left to grow»No estrogen - causes symptomsDetection»Variable menstrual cycles»Behavior changes and physical changes»FSH increase–HMG (human menopausal gonadotropin)Hormonal Replacement (estrogen and progesterone)»Relieves behavioral and physical changes»Cadiovascular benefits????»Calcium uptake increasesAndropauseAndropauseDecreased Testosterone Production»Reduced response to LHAge, 48 -70Physical Changes»Loss of muscle mass»Shrinking reproductive organs - penis, testis, accessory glands»Loss of libido, increased stimulus needed for erection, longer refractory period»Osteoporosis Mental Changes»depressionDecreased Testosterone Production»Reduced response to LHAge, 48 -70Physical Changes»Loss of muscle mass»Shrinking reproductive organs - penis, testis, accessory glands»Loss of libido, increased stimulus needed for erection, longer refractory period»Osteoporosis Mental Changes»depressionFSHLHLHEstradiolEstradiolProgesteroneProgesteroneFollicleOvulationCorpus LuteumCorpusAlbicans2 4 6 8 10 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 212Anterior Pituitary HormonesOvarian HormonesOvaryUterineEndo-metriumRecruitmentSelectionDominanceFSHLHLHEstradiolEstradiolProgesteroneProgesteroneFollicleOvulationCorpus Luteum2 4 6 8 10 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 212Anterior Pituitary HormonesOvarian HormonesOvaryUterineEndo-metriumFollicular PhaseFollicular PhaseLuteal PhaseLuteal PhaseMensesMensesMensesMensesBasal Body TemperatureBasal Body Temperature9797.297.497.697.89898.298.498.698.81 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 359797.297.497.697.89898.298.498.698.81 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35Luteal PhaseLuteal PhaseLuteal PhaseLuteal PhaseLuteal Phase Remains Constant at 14 daysLuteal Phase Remains Constant at 14 daysOvulationBasal Body TemperatureBasal Body Temperature9797.297.497.697.89898.298.498.698.81 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 359797.297.497.697.89898.298.498.698.81 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35Abnormal Cycle - No ovulationAbnormal Cycle - No ovulationOvulatory PainOvulatory PainMittelschmerz (middle pain)Day 12 - 16 after after start of menstrationLasts 12 to 36 hoursMittelschmerz (middle pain)Day 12 - 16 after after start of menstrationLasts 12 to 36 hoursCumulative Pregnancy RateCumulative Pregnancy Rate01020304050607080901 6 12Months01020304050607080901 6
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