History 127CGetty2012 FallWeek 7Lecture 12November 13Announcements- Read Kenez, Ch. 6- Read all of Axell reading, Great Russian War Stories- Midterms graded, you can pick them up after class- Final exam due Tuesday of Finals Week Outline of Last Lecture I. Images of the Stalin RevolutionII. Stalin’s Propaganda ArtIII. WorkersIV. AirplaneV. WomenVI. KulaksVII. Anti-SemitismVIII. Great PurgesIX. Appeasement: 1935X. Appeasement: 1936XI. “Collective Security”XII. Signals: 1937XIII. 1938XIV.March 1939XV. June-Aug. 1939XVI. August 1939: Stalin’s dilemma XVII. War BeginsOutline of Today’s LectureI. WWIIII. Hitler Goes… WestIII. BlitzkriegIV. Hitler Moves… EastV. Two German PlansVI. June 1941VII. June 22, 1941VIII. July 1, 1941IX. Aug. 5, 1941X. End of Sept. 1941XI. Nov. 1941These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.XII. Dec. 1941XIII. Would Be a Long WarWWII- Central event for an entire generation in the USSR - 27 million people died -  Changes population demography-  Changes perceptions of the Soviet Union- Verifies the correctness of the communist party since they led the victory - Confirms that industrialization was worth it-  Confirms that glory of Stalin because he emerges as the wartime leader that defeatedthe Nazis- As the war progressed, it was not clear they (USSR) would winHitler goes… West- April: Germany occupies Norway- April: Germany occupies Denmark- May: Germany attacks FranceA. French incompetence, fortress mentalityB. Didn’t understand global warC. Fold up in 6 weeks; unexpectedD. Stalin thought the French would fight better and tie up Hitler longer E. Poor use of tanksF. DemoralizationG. France defeated in six weeksBlitzkrieg- Lightning war- War of movement- Rapid strikes w/ (tanks, airplanes)- Smash through the enemies lines- Penetrate and envelope- No trench/stalemate warfare (WWI style) - Quick decision- Economy, not deep- Avoid long war- Avoid “total war economy”- Use stockpiles- One enemy at a timeA. Series of short wars- Multiple enemies + long war disaster- Hitler’s main target was the Soviet Union in WWII because:A. He wanted extra territoryB. Ideological – Communism was an evil, a Jewish conspiracy- Germany’s economy was not large enough for a war; a long war would involve depriving the civilian populations - Germany has to avoid at all costs a total war Hitler moves…. East- Plan Barbarossa- Target #1- Hitler needs extra territory - USSR has extra living space for Hitler - USSR was the ideological enemy for HitlerA. Communism  anti-Semitism Two German Plans- Plan BarbarossaA. Destruction of Soviet ArmyB. Occupation of USSR to VolgaC. Quick Campaign to begin 15 May 1941; earliest you can campaign in RussiaD. To be finished in one season preferably by the end of the summerE. Economically, big trouble for Germany if it was not finished in one season- Plan OA. Economic exploitation of USSR for Germany’s benefitB. (Germany) Extract all basic raw materials she needed (food, Ukrainian grain, iron,steel, coal) C. Slave labor (Slavs) worked for the Germans extracted raw materialsJune 1941- The campaign was supposed to start in 15 May - In the Balkans, a Serb led uprising overthrew the pro-Nazi Yugoslavian government, Hitler diverted his tanks to Yugoslavia  delayed campaigning - Was Stalin unprepared? He shouldn’t have been surprised- British intelligence told Stalin he was going to be attacked 3rd week in June by the Germans- Richard Sorge in Tokyo (allied with Nazi-Germany) - Soviet spies in German General Staff who also said that they would be attacked 3rd week in June- Guaranteed disaster- Stalin’s intelligence was divided by two agencies that hated and argued with each other: A. NKVD (secret police) – their intelligence sources told Stalin an attack was forthcomingB. GRU June 22, 1941- The Nazis smashed into the lines- Stalin speaks to the nation for the first time- Stalin announces the attack, “evil, unprovoked attack…unannounced aggressor”- Stalin’s first address to the nation- Millions of men volunteered (army); the country mobilized on its ownJuly 1, 1941- Moscow is keyAug. 5, 1941- In the South, the struggle to take Kiev  heavy Soviet resistance - Kiev is the gateway to Ukraine, the breadbasket of Russia- Hitler wants Kiev (grain, food, etc) End of Sept. 1941- Kiev was successfully encircled Dec. 1941- Germans counteracted because it was clear that the Japanese were going to attack the US, not the SovietsWould be a long War- Soviets evacuate factories to the rear- US Lend Lease assistanceA. 1941: equal to GermanyB. 1944: 2x Germany- Leningrad was