Bio1B EVOLUTION Craig Moritz IB MVZ VLSB 3101 Office hours M 9 10 W 9 10 craigm berkeley edu Relevance History L1 Tree of life phylogeny L2 Mechanisms of evolution L3 6 Sex its evolutionary implications L6 7 Species and how they arise L8 9 Evidence from fossils macroevolution L10 The evolution of novelties L11 Human evolution and medicine L12 13 Why does evolution matter Understanding our own species Origins variation health evolutionary medicine The arms race with pathogens Antibiotic resistance HIV control etc and insect pests of agriculture Insecticide resistance Saving biodiversity on a rapidly changing planet Invasive species Overharvesting Habitat loss climate change LE 22 13 Percent of HIV resistant to 3TC 100 Patient No 1 Patient No 2 75 Penicillin Discovered 1929 Fleming 50 Patient No 3 Mass production 1943 Resistance appears 1947 Staphylococcus aureus 25 0 0 2 4 6 Weeks 8 10 12 Development of the theory of evolution Aristotle 384 322 BC Species fixed scala naturae Linnaeus 1707 78 Hierarchical classification binomial system Mutability of species Lamarck E Darwin Geological change Hutton Lyell Fossil record extinction Cuvier Biogeography Humboldt de Candolle Population pressure Malthus Linnaean hierarchy Fig 1 14 Evolution an evolving science Fig 15 2 Early influences Henslow nat hist Humboldt explorer biogeography Sedgwick Geology Charles Lyell geology uniformitarianism The Voyage of the Beagle Mapping coastlines Capt Robert Fitzroy Darwin as 22 yr old companion naturalist Dec 17 1831 Oct 1836 28m x 7m 74 people Darwin s cabin 11ft wide with 6 5 ft chart table shared compare to your dorm Replica Down House with Darwin hologram Darwin s mockingbirds The amazing variety of Darwin s finches from the Galapagos Fig 17 7 in text And then there was Alfred R Wallace 1823 1913 Professional collector trained in nat hist geology surveying Amazon 1848 52 most collection lost SE Asian islands 1954 62 Wallace s line Sarawak law 1855 Every species has come to existence coincident both in time and space with a pre existing closely related allied species 1858 On the Tendency of Varieties to Depart Indefinitely From the Original Type evolution by natural selection time Descent with modification The only figure in Origin of the species The Darwin Wallace principle of Natural selection Individuals within a population vary for one or more characteristics traits Traits are to some extent inherited by offspring from their parents More offspring are produced than can survive those with traits that improve survival reproduction leave more offspring these favorable traits will accumulate in the population over generations
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