Study Guide for Exam 6 Special Senses/Respiration This exam will be in two parts; part one will be in –class and multiple choice/ short answer. It will contain information from chapter 8 material (that includes PowerPoints) ONLY. Part II is a take‐ home section and will consist of 4 short essays (Self‐study) . You are the research your answers from the Respiration chapter (13). The following is a guide to Chapter 8 information for part I: Chapter 8 –Text Reading: 280‐303 Skip olfactory and developmental aspects. What is difference betwee n general and special senses? What are the characteristics of receptors? How are they classified? Modality? Etc. Type; mechanoreceptors, Chemorece ptors, etc. Know the different types of receptors: baroreceptors, proprioreceptors, nocireceptors etc. be familiar w/ examples. The EYE: Identify the accessory structures of the eye and list the functions of each. What is the lacrimal apparatus? Know Layers or tunics and their functions. Know basic structure of eyeball and function of each that we discussed. Know photoreceptors rods and cones. What is transduction here? Difference in receptors. Image formation on retina and what can go wrong ( myopia, hyper opia0 The lens and its elasticity ( What about accommodation? How does this play into focusing and what happens during the aging process presbyiopia) The pathway of light through the eye to visual cortex. The Ear: Hearing and Equillibrium The anatomy of the ear: outer, middle and inner ear; list the functions of each Describe the function of the equilibrium Know about the mechanism of hearing; pitch, amplitude, how pressure waves affect the basilar membrane, the organ of corti and its hairs. Where does transduction take place? What is the pathway for hearing from transduction to the brain? Homeostatic imbalances hearing and equilibrium? Differences in conduction hearing loss Vs. sensineural hearing loss Taste: Receptors ; What is so special about them; Describe their location and characteristics.
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