BSC 160 1nd Edition Lecture 25 Outline of Last Lecture 1 Immunity Outline of Current Lecture 1 Immunity Continued 2 Self vs NonSelf Current Lecture Microbes o Have restriction enzymes Innate Immunity o Not specific Adapt Immunity o Has a specific target or pathogen The Immune System Basics o Self versus non self DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TWO Innate Recognize only prokaryotic features LPS Gram Receptors o Different things presented on that pathogen being able to recognize them as non self Adaptive Use antibiotics ab and antigen receptors as their primary mode Autoimmune lack of ability to differentiate between self and non self AIDS Chrones etc o TLR Toll like receptors A receptor on the macrophage that recognizes a specific binding agent on a pathogen They are a family of receptor proteins 2 parts each part we call a domain o Extracelluar Part that sticks out Recognizes appropriate ligand interacts with a foreign things o Interacellular cytoplasmic domain These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute o o o o Part that brings about change activation activation leads to secretion of something Stuff does not stay in cell has to be released into the environment Sound the alarm Table 15 1 recognize some examples and why they go together Macrophages become activated release and inactive innate immune responses and plays a role in turning on adaptive immunity Activation both innate and adaptive Self versus non self Most ligands are proteins Antigen Definition Any type of molecule that causes an immune response in a host by interacting with antigen specific receptors on the membrane of host lymphocytes Proteins strongest antigens Polysaccharide sugars are good too Lipids DNA by themselves are not particularly good sites o Combining them can make good sites B Cells and T Cells B cells Attack invaders outside the cells T Cells Attack invaders inside the cells Antibodies Class of proteins All share similar structure Secreted by B cells All have 2 heavy chains 2 light chains variable regions and constant regions Variable region is mutated and different in each Every variable regions only recognizes one antigen we have million different antibodies because of the variable regions o Ex LPS T Cells have antigen receptors on them Binding triggers response Species Susceptibility Differences between Missing receptors genetic Temp o Ex TB o Ex Difference b w use and frogs cold blooded Missing nutrients Differences within Age Environmental factors o Internal Stress shock weakness muscle fatigue External Climate change Inflamatory Response Cancer AIDS secondary infection Gender o Ex UTI Ethnicity o Ex Sickle Cell Anemia Nutrition o o o 15 3 Look at learning objectives Key takeaways Immune System The immune system is a complex network of organs and tissues Connected by blood and lymph fluid o Circulatory system lymphatic system spleen thymus MALT 2 groups of tissues Primary o Creating educating immune cells are being differentiated within the system We re looking at bone marrow thymus Secondary o Peripheral o Looks after mature cells o Responsible for our active immunity Spleen MALT
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