Exam 3 Study Guide Lectures 15 23 Lecture 15 April 1 What is poverty Poverty is a condition of deprivation due to economic circumstances severe enough that the individual in this condition can t live with dignity in their society How does the US calculate poverty Who was this formula developed by And When The US calculates poverty using a formula that estimates food cost for minimum food requirements and whether or not a family can afford to provide This formula was developed by Mollie Orshansky in the 1960 s and has not changed since then In 2010 what percent of American families were living in poverty SOC 100 1st Edition 15 of American families were living in poverty this was the highest since 1993 What are the problems of using income as a measurement Using income as a measurement doesn t capture the activity of people who aren t living in economically stable areas What should income as a measurement be replaced by It should be replaced by consumption levels the amount of money going out instead of coming in What race has the highest percentage in poverty What is their race and other races that are high in poverty Black has the highest percentage in poverty at 27 4 Next is Latinos at 26 6 and then Non Latino Whites at 12 1 What percent of children under the age of 18 are in poverty What are the breakdowns of race in those children 22 of all children under the age of 18 ar ein poverty Most of them are black or latino with 12 4 of them being white 38 2 being black and 35 being latino What are a couple programs to combat poverty and what are they First there is head start which is a federally funded preschool to get children in schools early to eat and start an early education There are also food stamps that provide direct assistance to families of additional support in buying food Then there is aid to families with dependent families which is otherwise known as welfare What does culture of poverty mean Culture of poverty argues that poor people adopot certain practices that differ from middle class Who was culture of poverty promoted by and what was his reasoning Culture of poverty was promoted by Oscar Lewis in 1966 and he believed that living in poverty produced a system of values attitudes beliefs and practices It creates dependence on government relief What was the Moynihan Report It stated that poverty creates a tangle of pathologies and has poor health and poor educational outcomes This report focused on the way poverty affected families How does poverty affect African American families Women started being the head of household which lead to a matriarchal society undermining men African american men abdicated responsibilities as husbands fathers and providers What was the problem of Culture of Poverty Poor people actually have the same values as mainstream society such as individualism hard work family etc Also Culture was poorly defined and operationalized what part of culture are we talking about Third was blaming the victims aka the ones who live in poverty for larger structures that support inequality What are the impacts of poverty actually Jobs and incomes are lower education attainment are worse housing and residential segregation is worse health and nutrition is worse and crime is higher Is the common perception of high crime in poverty true It depends on how we measure crime If it it based on arrest rates then yes If it is based on self reports the no Crime isn t necessarily predicted by class status Poor people are just as law abiding as middle class and wealthy people Does unemployment have a correlation to crime No unemployment does not have a correlation to crime Are deviant subcultures real Is there rebellion and rejection of middle class values No there is no evidence of rebellion and rejection of middle class values What actually does correlate with poverty Single parent households housing with high turnover poorly funded educational programs absence of economic development in a community What are the effects of undermining social control in poverty It undermines the collective capacity to solve problems and supervise teenagers What is actually the reason of rise to crime The rise of crime is due to living social conditions NOT poverty What is the impact of poverty on the criminal justice system The criminal justice policy targets crime that poor people commit and poor people are disproportionally imprisoned Also imprisonment has become a stage in the life course for some African American men What is perversity thesis Peversity thesis means antipoverty programs actually increase poverty Lecture 16 April 3 What are some global indicators What is the amount of money the US measures poverty on 1 2 billion live on 1 25 per day 1 2 billion lack access to electricity 780 million lack access to water 2 5 billion lack access to sanitation What is moral obligation mean relating to poverty Moral obligation means we who have so much should contribute to those who have so little What does self interest mean relating to poverty Self interest means do more now to help people out so they don t become a burden on us later on What does responsiblity mean relating to poverty Responsibility means alter structures of global power What are 4 assumptions about poverty People assume poverty is universally measured there are global policy prescriptions role of global institutions and technical rather than politcal What does it mean to look at poverty in a narrow or broad way To look at in a narrow way means that the person just has no money Looking at it in a broad way means it s a way of life the person is incapable of obtaining money for some reason Lecture 17 April 8 What is the sick role Who was it developed by The sick role consists of rights and obligations and was developed by Talcott Parsons The rights aspect means that while you are sick you don t have to perform normal social roles and aren t held accountable for your condition The obligations aspect means that you have the obligation to try and get well and seek competent help What are some problems with the sick role The sick role places emphasis on individuals rather than social contet Meaning it ignores whether a person has access to health care and inviduals are held responsible for their own illness What does illness as a social construct mean What are some examples Illness as a social construct means that waht it means to be sick and or healthy has changed throughout history and differs from one place to another