Lecture 8Outline of Last Lecture I. Social GroupsII. Size of Social GroupsIII. Relationships in GroupsIV. Types of GroupsV. Influence of Social GroupsVI. Influential GroupsVII.Groups to NetworksVIII. Facebook and Sense of SelfIX. Strength of Weak Ties Social CapitalOutline of Current Lecture X. OrganizationsXI. Aspects of OrganizationsXII.“Isomorphism”XIII. Sociology of ReligionXIV. What is Religion?XV.Kinds of ReligionXVI. SecularismXVII. Individual and Sense of SelfXVIII. Participation in Religous Groups/NetworksXIX. Sociology and ReligionSOC 100 1st EditionXX. Beyond one “Church”Current LectureXXI. Organizationsa.any social network defined by common purpose and has a boundary between its membership and rest of social worldi.you’re in or you’re outXXII. Aspects of Organizationsa. Organizational Structurei. ways power/authority are distributed within an organiza-tionb. Cultural Organizationi. shared beliefs and behaviors within a social groupXXIII. “Isomorphism”a. organizations start to resemble one another when they face similar environment conditionsXXIV. Sociology of Religiona. making the familiar strangeXXV. What is Religion?a. system of beliefs and practices around sacred things; a set of shared “stories” that guide belief and actionb. religious beliefs help shape social behavior by setting expec-tations and helping people distinguish between what’s right and wrongc. religion is a cultural scriptd. sacredi. holy things that are meant for the worship of higher be-ing1. derive their power from collective investment of religious communitye. profanei. the everydayXXVI. Kinds of Religiond. theismi. worship of a god or godse. ethicalismi. adherence to certain principles to lead a moral life1. Example: Buddhism f. animism i. belief that spirits roam the natural world with humansXXVII. Secularismd. general movement away from religiousity and spiritual beliefeand toward a rational, scientific orientatione. first amendment proves that our country has no specific reli-gionXXVIII. Individual and Sense of Selfd. Religious Experiencei. individuals spiritual experience, acts, beliefs, and feel-ingse. Identity and othersi. participation in ritualsXXIX. Participation in Religious Groups and Networksd. religious attendancei. Us- declining, but number of people who profess to be religious is holding steady or risinge. impacti. reduces risk of alcogol abuseii. lives longeriii. promotes social solidarityXXX. Religion, Groups, and Networksd. Familyi. introduce us to religionii. shape family structure1. often revolve around the fathere. Religion and Sociali. balancing religious life with college lifef. Christian Religious Organizationsi. Churches1. religious bodies that co-exist with social surround-ings2. “safe” world-affirming beliefsii. Sects1. high tension organizations that don’t fit in existingsocial environment 2. atrracted to marginalized groups of peopleiii. Cults 1. group that makes some new claim about spiritual-ityXXXI. Beyond One “Church”d. pluralismi. presence of numerous distinct religious groups in one society1. congregations2. denominations3. different religionsii. impact1. competing2. religious groups arise to satisfy people’s religious