MBIOS 101 1nd Edition Lecture 36 Outline of Last Lecture - Lines of Defense1. Cell mediated response 2. Types of immunities3. Administration of vaccines4. Types of vaccines Outline of Current Lecture – 1. Diagnostics2. Signs and Symptoms3. Tests Current Lecture – Viruses1. Diagnostics a. Samples i. Sputum ii. Swabiii. Saliva iv. Can also in special situations take samples from lungv. Urine vi. Blood vii. Skin viii. Spinal tapix. Fecal material x. Vaginal swab xi. Skin scrapping b. Signs and Symptomsi. Many viruses have distinctive signs and symptoms ii. Signs- can be measured and/or see (White Blood cell count, abscesses, fever, septicemia, swollen lymph nodes)iii. Symptoms – how the individual feels (chills, pains, aches, soreness, itching, headache, etc.) These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.c. Tissue culture – Cytopathic effect (CPE)i. Look at tissue samples – cell cultures ii. Mono layer- one layer of cellsd. Culture Techniquesi. Use eggs (chicken and duck) to create antigenii. Put the antigen in the egg and the antigen grows and we can use that as a vaccine e. Use Electron microscope i. Very specialized microscope f. Antigen – Antibody reaction i. Ouchterlony 1. Agar plate 2. Two small holes – one with antibody and one with antigen 3. If there is a line then it is effective ii. EM - Fluorescent antibody 1. Look for fluorescent marker 2. Specialized scope iii. ELISA methods1. 96 samples at one time 2. Use a color indicator for an antibody reaction 3. This is an antigen antibody reaction g. Blood confirmationi. Hemaglobination ii. Combine RBC and virus iii. If they coagulate then it is the virush. Genetic analysis i. Serological – test for Ab western blotii. PCR – electrophoresis iii. Detection of viral nucleic acid using
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