MBIOS 101 1st Edition Lecture 20 Outline of Last Lecture - Chemical Controls1. Exoenzyme2. Toxins3. Endotoxins4. ExotoxinsOutline of Current Lecture – 1. Exotoxins2. Endotoxins3. Portal of Exit and TransmissionCurrent Lecture – The Bacterial Growth Curve1. Exotoxinsa. Enterotoxins (still exotoxins)i. Enterotoxingenic E. Coli 1. Traveler’s diarrhea2. Heat-labile enterotoxin (cholera-like toxin)3. Can cause severe bloody diarrhea ii. Vibrio cholera 1. Cholera; cholera toxin 2. Problem when there is a lot of flooding and warm3. Severe diarrheab. Cytotoxins i. Bacillus anthracis 1. Anthrax; edema factor, lethal factor2. Inhaled form – septic shock; cutaneous form- skin lesionsii. Bordetella pertussis1. Pertussis (whooping cough), pertussis toxin2. Sudden bouts of violent coughingiii. Corynebacterium diphtheria These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1. Diphtheria, diphtheria toxin2. Pseudomembrane in the throat; heart, kidney damageiv. E. Coli 01571. Bloody diarrhea, hemolytic uremic syndrome; shiga toxin2. Diarrhea that may be bloody; kidney damage 3. Will shut down your kidney, liver and heart if it gets into system4. Can only provide supportive medicine – try to flush it outv. Shigelia dysenteriae 1. Dysentery, hemolytic uremic syndrome; shiga toxin2. Diarrhea – blood, pus, and mucus; kidney damagec. MEMBRANE DAMAGING TOXINS – Cytotoxinsi. Clostridium perfringens 1. Gas gangrene; alpha toxin2. Extensive tissue damageii. Staphylococcus aureus1. Wound and other infections2. Leukocidin3. Accumulation of pusiii. Streptococcus pyogenes 1. Pharyngitis and other infections; streptolysis O2. Accumulation of pus d. SUPERANTIGENS – Overrides the specificity of the T-cell response i. Staphylococcus aureus (certain strains)1. Foodborne intoxification 2. Nausea and vomitingii. Staph aureus (certain strains)1. Toxic shock syndrome2. Fever, vomiting, diarrhea, muscle, aches, rash, low blood pressureiii. Streptococcus pyogens e. Other toxinsi. Saxitoxins1. Algae produced these toxins2. Release neurotoxins into water3. Can end up in shellfishii. Alpha Toxins1. Fungi 2. Common on Palouse3. Erogt neurotoxin 4. Cannot cook it out iii. Amanitin 1. Come from mushrooms2. Can produce a toxin called the Death Angel a. Deadly neurotoxinb. If you use a true silver spoon, the spoon will turn black from the cyanide gas if it is dangerous 2. Endotoxins- produced by Gram negative cellsa.b.c. Full body shutdown occurs from endotoxinsd. Macrophage eats Gram negative bacteriae. Bacteria dies f. LPS layer releases endotoxing. Cytokines relasedh. Decreased muscle tone of heart and arteriesi. Feverj. Increased adhesiveness of PMNs k. Leakage of plasma from bloody vessels3. Portal of Exit and Transmissiona. Respiratory-salivary routei. Droplets (cough/sneeze)ii. Saliva iii. Soil-dustiv. Water aerosolsb. Oral-fecali. Personal contactii. Foodiii. Water c. Sexual transmission – STDsd. Blood and wounds i. Injectionsii. Transfusionsiii. Surgeryiv. Needle pricksv. Transfusionsvi. Hepatitis is the highest blood disease in the US population right nowe. Zoonoses i. Direct animal to human ii. Animal-vector-humaniii. Human-vector-human f. Other-contact routesi. Eye secretionsii. Skin lesionsiii. Artificial g. Vectorsi. Biological vectors- part of the life cycle of the organism is in an athropodii. Mechanical vector (a fly’s hairy leg)1. Attaches to leg2. Transmits to you h. Disease HoldersRabies MammalsYellow fever Wild birds, mammals, mosquitosViral fevers Wild mammalsHantavirus RodentsPlague Rodents, fleasRingworm Domestic animalsSalmonella Mammals, reptiles, and rodentsTapeworm Cattle, swine,
View Full Document
Unlocking...