COMM 104 Lecture 20Outline of Past LectureI. Cognitive HeuristicsII. Types of Cognitive HeuristicsOutline of Current LectureI. Ethics and CommunicationII. Persuasion and CoercionIII. Moral vs. AmoralIV. Types of EthicsV. Obligations and ObstaclesI. Ethics are important in communication because they are the moral principles that can dictate peoples' behavior. Certain communication is considered ethical, while other approaches are viewed as unethical. Ethics can be a choice. If you know what is considered ethical and unethical, then you have a choice whether to follow those guidelines or not. If you are unaware of the social norms, then it is not unethical. A person's intent also factors into ethics. II. Persuasion is an ethically neutral form of communication but coercion is not. Coercion uses force to get something desirable through punishment. This can come in many forms sch as blackmail and certain laws. III. There are amoral and moral approaches to ethics. The amoral view looks at rhetoric and communication as having no ethical value. Anyone and everyone should be able to speak. The moral approach places a value of ethics on communication. Only people who have been These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.properly taught and trained should have the right to speak openly. Freedom of speech falls under the amoral view. IV. There are several types of ethics that should be considered:Totalitarian: this type of society views communication with a moral view and restricts communicationDemocratic: this society has an amoral view on communication and encourages free speech in a systematic wayCensorship: a way of restricting free speech through laws and rules in a democratic society, but through force or punishment in totalitarian societiesAdvocate System: in this system a person who is trained and ethical speaks on behalf of another personGhostwriting: this is someone who prepares speeches or other forms of communication for others to present (ex: speech writer)V. In free societies there are ethical obligations as well as obstacles to those obligations:Obligations:a. To Speak: there is an obligation to speak when you feel strongly about somethingb. To Speak Well: when you are speaking, use all of your skills and power to persuade for the right ethical choicec. Not to Speak: if you do not know what is truthful or ethical do not speakd. To Listen: instead of speaking, listen to what others are saying and learn from itObstacles:a. To Speak: fear keeps most of us from speaking about our opinions and beliefsb. To Speak Well: formal training in rhetoric is not very commonc. Not to Speak: sometimes it is difficult to hold your feelings back when you have an opinion but know you should not speakd. To Listen: it is hard to keep an open mind and listen to all sides of