Class Slides Set 10A Special Skills Used to Study Early Humans or how to make sense out of Ch 8 of the text University of Minnesota Duluth Tim Roufs 2010 2013 http www d umn edu cla faculty troufs anth1602 Archaeological Dating Methods In the Field and Lab methods basic overall approaches to a problem techniques specific tools procedures used In the Field and Lab archaeological dating methods 1 2 relative dating chronometric dating aka absolute dating Relative and Chronometric Dating Understanding Humans 11th Ed p 185 REM relative relative dating methods methods tell you whether something is older younger the same age Paleoanthropology is Heavily Interdisciplinary Understanding Humans 11th Ed p 184 REM chronometric methods yield yield a date often scaled in calendar years A Summary of Dating Methods Understanding Humans 11th Ed p 184 method technique Relative and Absolute Chronometric Dating Techniques Michels Dating Methods in Archaeology p 4 techniques technique People of the Earth 10th Ed p 11 In the Field and Lab stratigraphy the sequence of geological strata or layers formed by materials deposited by water or wind also the study of this sequence relative dating methods Paleoanthropology is Heavily Interdisciplinary Understanding Humans 11th Ed p 184 relative dating methods REM relative methods tell you whether something is older younger the same age Paleoanthropology is Heavily Interdisciplinary Understanding Humans 11th Ed p 184 Humankind Emerging 7th Ed p 24 People of the Earth p 18 Principle of Superposition Understanding Humans 11th Ed p 185 People of the Earth p 16 In the Field and Lab archaeological dating methods 1 2 relative dating chronometric dating aka absolute dating In the Field and Lab archaeological dating methods 1 relative dating places finds in a sequence but provides no actual estimates in numbers of years In the Field and Lab archaeological dating methods 1 relative dating estimating the age of geologic deposits and the fossils in them by determining their stratigraphic level in relation to that of other deposits whose relative or absolute age is known In the Field and Lab R 1 or First Order Relative Dating c contemporaneous i intrusive r redeposited In the Field and Lab R 2 or Second Order Relative Dating stage referable to local sequence e g Olduvai Bed I In the Field and Lab R 2 or Second Order Relative Dating stage referable to local sequence e g Olduvai Bed I Geological sequence at Olduvai Gorge Note Geological beds Understanding Humans 11th Ed p 193 Bed I Olduvai Gorge Kenya Hoebel Anthropology The Study of Man and Archaeology 4th Ed p 153 In the Field and Lab R 2 or Second Order Relative Dating stage referable to local sequence e g Olduvai Bed I In the Field and Lab R 3 or Third Order Relative Dating inferred position in terms of wider scale stratigraphy or cultural sequence e g Lower Villafrancian In the Field and Lab R 3 or Third Order Relative Dating inferred position in terms of wider scale stratigraphy or cultural sequence e g Lower Villafrancian In the Field and Lab began m y a Holocene Villafranchian Pleistocene Pliocene Miocene Oligocene Eocene 0 01 1 6 1 8 5 23 34 55 In the Field and Lab R 4 or Morphological Dating estimate of age based on shape or style In the Field and Lab R 4 or Morphological Dating estimate of age based on shape or style REM relative methods tell you whether something is relative dating methods older younger the same age Paleoanthropology is Heavily Interdisciplinary Understanding Humans 11th Ed p 184 Gradually being replaced in archaeological research by a quantitative method called correspondence analysis which achieves the same end relative dating methods Paleoanthropology is Heavily Interdisciplinary Understanding Humans 11th Ed p 184 seriation Relative dating method that orders artiacts into a temporal series based on their similar attributes or the frequency of these attributes 11th Ed p 184 186 187 Pottery types from Deh Luran Iran Source Hole Flannery and Neely Prehistory and Human Ecology Of the Deh Luran Plain An Early Village Sequence from Khuzistan Iran Ann Arbor 1969 fig 69 Pottery types from Deh Luran Iran Source Hole Flannery and Neely Prehistory and Human Ecology Of the Deh Luran Plain An Early Village Sequence from Khuzistan Iran Ann Arbor 1969 fig 69 UMD Statesman 15 November 2001 Lake Superior Old Copper Culture 4 000 B C 1 000 B C Typological dating Chaco Canyon New Mexico Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology 8th Ed p 354 http www duluthnewstribune com articles index cfm id 50209 section news http www duluthnewstribune com articles index cfm id 50209 section news In the Field and Lab archaeological dating methods 1 2 relative dating chronometric dating aka absolute dating In the Field and Lab archaeological dating methods 2 chronometric dating aka absolute dating provides estimates in actual numbers of years sometimes Relative and Chronometric Dating Understanding Humans 11th Ed p 185 In the Field and Lab archaeological dating methods 2 chronometric dating aka absolute dating determining the actual age of geological deposits and the fossils in them by examining the chemical composition of rock fragments and organic remains containing radioactive substances such as uranium 238 and carbon 14 which decay at a known rate In the Field and Lab A 1 or First Order Absolute Dating direct determination of age based on internal evidence e g 14C dating of bone sample e g dendrochronology e g molecular clocks In the Field and Lab A 1 or First Order Absolute Dating direct determination of age based on internal evidence e g 14C dating of bone sample e g dendrochronology e g molecular clocks In the Field and Lab A 1 or First Order Absolute Dating direct determination of age based on internal evidence e g 14C dating of bone sample e g dendrochronology e g molecular clocks Relative and Chronometric Dating Understanding Humans 11th Ed p 185 Technician in a radiocarbon dating laboratory Understanding Humans 10th Ed p 194 half life of 14C 5 730 years Summary of Pleistocene Age Dating Methods Time and Stratigraphy in the Evoluton of Man National Research Council 1967 p 46 techniques technique People of the Earth 10th Ed p 11 Problem 1 Part of the artifact must be destroyed in running the test s Problem 2 Tests are expensive Problem 2 Tests are expensive In the Field and Lab A 1 or First Order Absolute Dating direct determination of age based on internal evidence e g 14C dating of bone sample e g