Slide 1Slide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Early HominidsSlide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22AustralopithecinesSlide 24Slide 25Slide 26Slide 27Slide 28Slide 29Slide 30Slide 31Slide 32Slide 33Selected Major Discoveries / Events, ca. 1850 - PresentSlide 35Slide 36Slide 37Slide 38Slide 39Slide 40Slide 41Slide 42Slide 43Slide 44Slide 45Slide 46Slide 47Slide 48Slide 49Slide 50Slide 51Slide 52Slide 53Slide 54Slide 55Slide 56Slide 57Slide 58Slide 59Slide 60Slide 61Slide 62Slide 63MethodsSlide 65Slide 66Slide 67Slide 68Slide 69Slide 70Slide 71Slide 72Slide 73Slide 74Slide 75Slide 76Slide 77Selected Major Discoveries / Events, Ca. 1850 - PresentSlide 79Slide 80Slide 81Slide 82Slide 83Slide 84Slide 85Slide 86Slide 87Slide 88Slide 89Slide 90Slide 91Slide 92Slide 93Slide 94Slide 95Slide 96Slide 97Slide 98Slide 99Slide 100Slide 101Slide 102Slide 103Slide 104Slide 105Slide 106Slide 107Slide 108Slide 109Slide 110Slide 111Slide 112Slide 113Slide 114Slide 115Slide 116Slide 117Slide 118Slide 119Slide 120Slide 121Slide 122Slide 123Slide 124Slide 125Slide 126Slide 127Slide 128Early Hominids IISlide 130Slide 131Slide 132Slide 133Slide 134Slide 135Slide 136Slide 137Slide 138Slide 139Slide 140Slide 141Slide 142Slide 143Slide 144Slide 145Slide 146Slide 147Slide 148Time 23 July 2001A Walk Through Hominid EvolutionUnderstanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 183Plio - Pleistocene hominid = AustralopithecusTime 23 July 2001Time 23 July 2001Early HominidsEarly Hominids•Orrorin•Ardipithecus•Australopithecus•Paranthropus•tugenensis•ramidus•anamensis•afarensis•africanus•garhi•aethiopicus•boisei•robustusGenus Specieshttp://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa003&articleID=0008EB7D-BC26-1138-BC2683414B7F0000Video: Search for the First Human -- A Secrets of the Dead SpecialWeek 07http://exn.ca/hominids/wherethebonesare.cfmhttp://exn.ca/hominids/wherethebonesare.cfmTime 23 July 2001, p. 57.Time 23 July 2001Search for the First Human – A Secrets of the Dead SpecialEarly HominidsEarly Hominids•Orrorin•Ardipithecus•Australopithecus•Paranthropus•tugenensis•ramidus•anamensis•afarensis•africanus•garhi•aethiopicus•boisei•robustusGenus SpeciesTime 23 July 2001, p. 57.Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 248“Taung Child”“Lucy”Ardipithecus ramidus kadabba, 5.8 mya23 July 2001Ardipithecus ramidus kadabba, 5.8 myaTime, 23 July 2001Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 246Time 23 July 2001Time 23 July 2001Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 234Cranial CapacityAustralopithecinesAustralopithecinesArdipithecus ramidusAustralopithecus ramidus=Early HominidsEarly Hominids•Orrorin•Ardipithecus•Australopithecus•Paranthropus•tugenensis•ramidus•anamensis•afarensis•africanus•garhi•aethiopicus•boisei•robustusGenus SpeciesAustralopithecinesTime 23 July 2001, p. 57.Time 23 July 2001Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 234Cranial CapacityUnderstanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 248Early HominidsEarly Hominids•Orrorin•Ardipithecus•Australopithecus•Paranthropus•tugenensis•ramidus•anamensis•afarensis•africanus•garhi•aethiopicus•boisei•robustusGenus SpeciesTime 23 July 2001, p. 57.Time 23 July 2001Selected Major Discoveries / Events, ca. 1850 - PresentSelected Major Discoveries / Events, ca. 1850 - Present"Lucy" and "The First Family" •Hadar, Ethiopia(Site 333 on the Awash River)•Australopithecus afarensis•4 - 3 mya 1975 - 1976p. 232Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 229Hadar,EthiopiaUnderstanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 251Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 246Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 248Selected Major Discoveries / Events, ca. 1850 - PresentSelected Major Discoveries / Events, ca. 1850 - PresentFootprints•Laetoli, Tanzania•3.7 mya1976Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 229Laetoli,TanzaniaMaryLeakeyp. 232Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 246Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 234Cranial CapacityEarly HominidsEarly Hominids•Orrorin•Ardipithecus•Australopithecus•Paranthropus•tugenensis•ramidus•anamensis•afarensis•africanus•garhi•aethiopicus•boisei•robustusGenus SpeciesTime 23 July 2001Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 251Humankind Emerging, 7th edition, p. 199TransvaalSelected Major Discoveries / Events, ca. 1850 - PresentSelected Major Discoveries / Events, ca. 1850 - Present“Taung Child”•Taung, South Africa•Australopithecus africanus•Raymond Dart•3.0 - 2.0 mya 1924Humankind Emerging, 7th edition, p. 199TaungHumankind Emerging, 7th edition, p. 240Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 246Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 248Selected Major Discoveries / Events, ca. 1850 - PresentSelected Major Discoveries / Events, ca. 1850 - Present“Taung Child” problems•was found by miners•was a child ( 3 - 4 yrs. old? Or 6? )•what did the adults look like ?•was a “one of a kind” find•what was it representative of ?1924MethodsMethodsWe can learn a lotfrom the Hensel Twinsand others•a few hundred pairs of conjoined twins are born each year•conjoined twins survive in about 1 / 50,000 – 60,000 births •they appear about once in every 100,000 births, but more than half of them are stillborn•and one in three live for only a few daysJani Farrell Robertsauthor of "Glitter and Greed: The Secret World of the Diamond CartelThe Seven Days of My Creation: Tales of Magic, Sex and GenderMethodsMethodsand Balaji,the “Reincarnation of Hindu God”Baby with tail believed to be the “reincarnation of Hindu god”11 January 2000“The 11-month-old boy has been named Balaji or Bajrangbali, another name for monkey-faced Lord Hanuman. He is reported to have a 4 in. ‘tail’ caused by genetic mutations during the development of the foetus. . . . There have been other cases of babies born with tails. A report appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine in 1982 by Dr Fred Ledley. His paper entitled ‘Evolution and the