International Norms What Are Norms o Norms Standards of behavior that actors with a given identity are supposed to follow This is an expectation o Constructive norms 1 A norm about what constitutes the actors in the system 2 Who has the right to act o Procedural norms 1 Procedures established that determine how we make decisions 2 In the US the procedural norms are that every person over the age of 18 who isn t a convicted felon has the right to vote o Regulative Norm 1 Not distracting others in class not committing genocide o Difference between norms and laws 1 Norms soft law hard law are all on a continuum Norms are not written down and have no obligation whatsoever They can be thought of as the softest of soft laws 2 International norms can have expectations for states What Are TANs borders o Transnational Advocacy Network Non gov groups whose membership crosses o Nongovernmental Groups private citizens that exists across borders o Research and advocacy groups Greenpeace Doctors without Borders etc 1 Advocating for improved healthcare irrespective of the borders that confine them o Philanthropic foundations 1 Organizations whose sole purpose is to give provide money o Civil society organizations churches unions o Local social movements forging international linkages 1 Such as the movement for women s suffrage domestic rights o Media 1 Private non governmental organizations 2 Push for certain policies and transparency of info Do we think of the media as a TAN o Yes given how they push for freedom of the press 3 Terrorists Non governmental organization that advocates for improvements within a community comparable to Greenpeace Role and Influence of TANs o Environmental Issues are second largest focus of TAN 1 Birds animals air water etc are not restricted by borders 2 If an American bird gets sick and flies into Canada Canada has no way of quarantining the birds o Global Justice issues 1 Covers topics such as labor rights that don t fall under the umbrella of human rights 2 Right wing category NRA gunsrights Nationalist groups o Setting the agenda identifying pressing ignored by government 1 Mines in particular were being ignored by states o Norm creation establish and spread new norms of behavior This is what is known as the norm life cycle There are 3 stages in this cycle 1 The propagation of norms creation of it Find an issue where a norm is needed and then spread the norm 2 The norm cascade stage Once enough countries start to accept the norm you no longer need norm entrepreneurs to spread it 3 Internalization of norms Where the point where you no longer think of it as a norm It s just something that people do When you start saying duh Policy implementation refugees Red Cross Pressure states boomerang model o Start with a state and have them pressure a government on an issue to act Endorsers can be viewed as non biased or correctly biased over which policy to endorse Monitors o TANs role is to monitor many organizations and ensure they are working with releasing info properly The Link Between Norms and Laws o If we re not even sure that laws matter do norms matter o International norms help form and inform international laws o At best laws and norms constrain state behavior but that doesn t mean that states aren t free to do what they want
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