FSU SPC 2608 - Chapter 1 & 2 Becoming a Speaker

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SPC2608 Unit 1 ExamChapter 1 & 2 Becoming a Speaker and OverviewChapter 3 Managing Speech AnxietyChapter 4 Ethical Public SpeakingChapter 5 Listeners and SpeakersChapter 6 Analyzing the AudienceChapter 7 Selecting a Topic and PurposeChapter 8 Developing supporting materialChapter 9 Locating supporting materialsChapter 10 Doing effective internet researchChapter 11 Citing sources in your speechesChapter 12 Organizing the SpeechChapter 13 Selecting an organizational processChapter 14 Outlining the speechChapter 15 Developing the Introduction and conclusionChapter 17 Choosing a method of deliveryChapter 18 Controlling the voiceChapter 19 Using the bodyChapter 20 Types of presentation aidsChapter 21 Designing presentation aidsChapter 22 A brief guide to Microsoft PowerPointChapter 23 Informative SpeakingSPC2608 Unit 1 ExamChapter 1 & 2 Becoming a Speaker and Overview - Communication – process of sending and receiving verbal and nonverbal messageso Intrapersonal – communication with yourself o Dyadic – happens between two people o Interpersonal – communication between people with an identifiable relationshipo Impersonal – communication about general topics o Small group – communication between 3 to 10 people  Goal directed and social o Computer mediated – computer mediates the communication  Ex. Text, email, instant message o Intercultural – two or more people from different cultures interact o Mass communication – produced and transmitted via the media to large audiences - Skills employees seeko Communication (verbal and written)o Strong work ethico Teamwork o Initiativeo Interpersonal - Content – words we use- Delivery – how we convey those words - Decoding – process of interpreting the message - Feedback – how the audience responds - Channel – medium through which the message is sent - Noise – interference with the message - Shared meaning – the mutual understanding of a message between speaker and audience - Methods of deliveryo Impromptu – limited preparation o Manuscript – from a script written out entirely o Memorized – speaking a full script from memory o Extemporaneous – from an outline after careful research and preparation - 4 things to consider o Your audience o Does it demonstrate good content o Does it have clear structure Macro structure – intro, body, conclusion o Are we delivering it effectively - Types of nonverbal communicationo Proxemics – space & distanceo Chronemics – meanings we attach to time o Appearance – conveys credibility o Eye contact – most expressive, 90%o Body language Gestures, posture, facial expressions, motivated movemento Voice quality – what distinguishes your voice from others o Vocal variety – rate, pitch, volume Chapter 3 Managing Speech Anxiety - Fear is normal- Communication apprehension – the fear or anxiety associated with real or anticipated communication with others o Trait like – nervous or anxious about speaking in any situation o State like – anxiety appears in certain situations- Methods for dealing with anxiety o Systematic desensitization – using coping strategies o Cognitive reconstruction – using rational arguments o Skills building – practicing and learning skills  Unconscious incompetence  Conscious incompetence  Conscious competence Unconscious competence - Use strategies to Boost your confidence o Rehearse to build confidence o Modify thoughts and attitudeso Visualize success - Activate the relaxation response o Meditate to calm yourself o Use stress control breathing - Use movement to minimize anxiety o Practice natural gestures o Move as you speak - How to get thereo Acknowledge the issue o Don’t wait, write a good solid speecho Practice - Learn from feedback Chapter 4 Ethical Public Speaking- Use the rights of your free speech responsiblyo Defamatory – potentially harms an individual’s reputation at work or in the community o Reckless disregard for the truth – knowing what you are saying is false but saying it anyway - Contribute to positive public discourse o Public discourse – speech involving issues of importance to the larger community o Invective – verbal attacks o Follow the rules of engagement  Verbal attacks, irrational arguments, and other “conversation stoppers” are unacceptable - Observe ethical ground rules o Dignity – listeners feel worthy, honored, and respected o Integrity – signals the speaker’s incorruptibility o Trustworthiness – combination of honesty and dependability o Respect – demonstrated by addressing audience members as unique human beings o Responsibility – being accountable for what you say o Fairness – making a genuine effort to see all sides of an issue - Avoid offensive speech and plagiarism o Hate speech – any offensive communication o Plagiarism – the passing off of another person’s information as one’s own - Orally acknowledge and cite your sources o Common knowledge – information that is likely to be known by many people o Direct quotations – statements made verbatim by someone else  Should always be acknowledged in a speecho Paraphrase – a restatement of someone else’s ideas, opinions, or theories in the speaker’s own words Must acknowledge the original source o Summary – a brief overview of someone else’s ideas, opinions, or theories- Fair use, copyright, and ethical speakingo Copyright – legal protection afforded the original creators of literary and artistic workso Public domain – anyone may reproduce it o Fair use – permits the limited use of copyrighted works without permission for the purposes of scholarships, criticism, comment, new reporting, teaching, or research o Creative commons – an organization that allows creators of works to decide how they want other people to use their copyrighted works Chapter 5 Listeners and Speakers - Listening – the conscious act of receiving, comprehending, interpreting, evaluating, and responding to messages - Recognize that we listen selectively o Selective perception – people pay attention selectively to certain messages while ignoring others- Listen responsibly - Strive for the open exchange of ideaso Dialogic communication – the open sharing of ideas in an atmosphere of respect - Anticipate the common obstacles to listening o Active listening – listening that is focused and purposeful o Minimize external and internal distractions  Listening distraction – anything that


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FSU SPC 2608 - Chapter 1 & 2 Becoming a Speaker

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