Biosc 0150 Foundations of Biology 1 Sample test MIDTERM 3 Name MULTIPLE CHOICE Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question 1 Which of these structure function pairs is incorrect A guard cells control stomatal pore size B trichomes re ect light to reduce surface temperature C cuticle layer of cells where light reactions occur D stomata regulate gas exchange 2 Which of these is not an example of a parenchyma cell A cells that can form clones in tissue culture of plants B edible cells in fruits and vegetables C tissue in leaves that photosynthesizes D stem cells that form a callus in the making of cuttings E support cells near the outside of nonwoody stems 3 Regarding an allelic pair for ower color in snapdragons heterozygotes have pink owers 3 whereas the two homozygotes have red owers or white owers When plants with red owers are crossed with plants with white owers what proportion of the offspring is expected to have pink owers A 100 D 50 C 75 E 25 B 0 4 What does it mean when we say the genetic code is redundant A A single codon can specify the addition of more than one amino acid B The genetic code is universal the same for all organisms C More than one codon can specify the addition of the same amino acid D The genetic code is different for different domains of organisms 5 Hemophilia is caused by several genetic factors one a recessive allele of an X linked gene is the subject of this problem Assume that a man with hemophilia marries a normal woman whose father had hemophilia What is the probability that their rst son will have hemophilia A 1 2 B 1 16 C 1 4 D 1 8 E 3 4 6 Whenever the dominant allele of either or both gene A or gene B is present red color is produced A cross of AaBb AaBb can be expected to yield how many red offspring out of 16 Assume the genes are not linked A 1 B 4 C 12 D 15 E 16 7 What hormones are necessary for maintenance of plant tissue culture A gibberellins and ABA B gibberellins and ethylene C auxin and ABA D auxin and cytokinin E ethylene and auxin 1 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 The main source of water necessary for photosynthesis to occur in the leaf mesophyll is 8 A soil via the phloem B the atmosphere through the cuticle and stomata C soil via the xylem D all of the above 9 Genotype is to as phenotype is to A transcription amino acid sequence B heredity DNA base sequence C DNA base sequence amino acid sequence D gene regulation translation Mutant Strain Medium with No ornithine No citrulline No arginine Medium with Ornithine No citrulline No arginine Medium with No ornithine Citrulline No Arginine Medium with No ornithine No citrulline Arginine arg1 arg2 arg3 No growth GROWTH GROWTH GROWTH No growth No growth GROWTH GROWTH No growth No growth No growth GROWTH 10 According to the table and gure above which enzyme is defective in the strain with the arg1 10 mutation A the enzyme that converts ornithine to citrulline B the enzyme that converts the precursor to citruline C the enzyme that converts the precursor to ornitine D the enzyme that converts citrulline to arginine 11 If cells in the are removed roots will no longer respond to gravity A root cap C secondary meristem B zone of elongation D root hairs 12 Which of the following structural features of plants would not be expected to reduce transpiration A reduced leaf size B thick cuticle on leaves and stems C abundant epidermal hairs on leaves and stems D stomata on upper and lower surfaces of the leaves E sunken stomata 9 11 12 2 13 The veins of leaves are 13 A nely branched to be in close contact with photosynthesizing cells B continuous with vascular bundles in the stem and roots C composed of xylem and phloem D all of the above 14 Phenylketonuria is an inherited disease caused by a recessive autosomal allele If a woman and 14 her husband are both carriers what is the probability that their rst child will be a phenotypically normal girl A 1 0 B 1 16 C 3 8 D 3 16 E 1 4 15 The researchers discovered a new proton pump that is involved in phloem unloading in the 15 sugar storage tissue Predict the movement of ions carried out by this pump A passive transport of sugar from cytoplasm to vacuole B active transport of protons from cytoplasm to vacuole C active transport of sugar from cytoplasm to vacuole D active transport of protons from vacuole to tonoplast E active transport of protons from vacuole to cytoplasm 16 When is a single base substitution mutation least likely to be deleterious 16 A when the base change results in an amino acid substitution at the active site of an enzyme B when the base change results in an amino acid substitution that alters the tertiary C when the single base change results in a codon that speci es the same amino acid as the structure of the protein original codon D when the single base change results in a stop codon 17 Which of the following cannot grow indeterminately 18 What part of the root is responsible for water and nutrient absorption A adventitious roots B leaves C stems D shoots E none of the above A zone of cellular division B zone of cell elongation C trichomes D zone of cellular maturation E root cap A water B CO2 C O2 D light E carbohydrate e g glucose 3 19 Some of the largest leaves in the world can be found on plants in dense tropical rain forests Which of the following is an input of one of the sets of photosynthetic reactions that is most likely limited in the habitat of these plants with large leaves 17 18 19 20 When Charles and Francis Darwin rst documented phototropism why was it important that 20 they germinated the grass seeds in the dark before beginning the experiment A so the young shoots would grow straight B so the young shoots would grow slowly C so the young shoots would be soft enough to bend D so the young shoots would grow quickly processes A asexual reproduction and genetic recombination B mutation C sexual reproduction 21 Adaptation to a changing environment occurs most ef ciently through which of the following 21 22 The original DNA has the base sequence AGCGTTACCGT a mutation in the DNA strand results 22 in the base sequence AGGCGTTACCGT What does this tell you about the mutation A It was a missense mutation B It was a silent mutation C It may result in a single amino acid change in the protein being coded for by this base sequence D It is a frameshift mutation 23 In humans blue eyes are inherited as a recessive autosomal trait and color blindness is an 23 X linked recessive trait A …