Before filling in your name and PeopleSoft-ID, please check that the color of your scantron sheet matches thecolor of your test. In column J of the scantron sheet blacken the circle corresponding to the color of yourexam: white = 1; blue = 2; pink = 3; yellow = 4. Proceed with the exam, choosing the best answer for eachof the following questions and blackening the proper circle on the answer sheet with a Number 2 pencil.Read each question carefully before marking the best answer on your scantron sheet.Work thoughtfully.Make educated guesses if necessary. Even wild guessing throughout should net you 20% of the total points,on the average.Foundations of Biology - IFoundations of Biology - IFinal EXAMINATIONPINKFall Term 2101- Dr. Laurel RobertsBIOSC 0150 CRN# 11790is common to (almost) all living organismsindicates the divergence of prokaryotes and eukaryotes is found in mammals but not birds or reptilesBoth A and B are trueAll of these are truea.b.c.d.e.1--XThe evolution of glycolysistranslocationphotorespirationgirdlingcation exchangeguttationa.b.c.d.e.2--XC4 and CAM plants share adaptations to solve the problems associated withsensory receptors in the fingersbrain cellsspinal nervesBoth A and CBoth B and Ca.b.c.d.e.3--XWhich of the following is part of the central nervous system?It is non-polarIt is cohesiveIt is adhesiveIt modulates temperatureAll of these are vital properties of watera.b.c.d.e.4--XWhy is water so important to life? Choose the INCORRECT response belowIntracellular receptorsProtein kinasesIon channelsG-Protein Linked ReceptorsNa/K ATPasea.b.c.d.e.5--XWhich of the following uses inorganic phosphate (Pi) in its function as a membrane receptor?carbon dioxideoxygensteroid hormonesOnly A and BAll (A, B and C)a.b.c.d.e.6--XWhich of the following can typically cross the cell membrane on their own through diffusion?Page 2PINKis used by both plants and animals.can be used to buffer pH in tissues.requires the activity of carbonic anhydrase.Both B and C are trueAll of these are truea.b.c.d.e.7--XH2O + CO2 <--> H2CO3 <--> HCO3- + H+Inhaled oxygen is used as a carrier to remove carbon from the bodyInhaled oxygen is used as a carrier to remove spent electrons from the bodyExhaled carbon dioxide is the product of the breakdown of glucose during cell respirationExhaled carbon dioxide removes oxygen carrying spent electrons from the bodyOnly B and C are truea.b.c.d.e.8--XWhy do we inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide?dehydration synthesisionic bondinghydrogen bondingdisulfide bridgeshydrolysisa.b.c.d.e.9--XPolysaccharides, fats, and proteins are all formed by -musclenervousepithelialconnectivegliaa.b.c.d.e.10--XWhich of the following types of animal tissues is most diverse in structure?receptor-ligand bindingproduction of defensive proteins that alert uninfected cellscell death to wall off a pathogen and prevent its spreadsystemic responsesall of these are shared by plant and animal defensive systemsa.b.c.d.e.11--XWhich of the following defensive mechanisms is common to plants but not animals?The specific response would depend on the intracellular signaling pathways present in the cell.It would not respond at all to epinephrine.It would slowly increase the rate of cellular respiration.It would decrease the rate of cellular respiration.It would very rapidly increase the rate of cellular respiration.a.b.c.d.e.12--XHow would a cell lacking the epinephrine receptor respond to epinephrine?Page 3PINKchitin; bicarbonateglycogen; carbon dioxidecellulose; bicarbonatecellulose; carbon dioxidestarch; bicarbonatea.b.c.d.e.13--XA stalk of broccoli is comprised of fiber, primarily a carbohydrate known as________ which is built from carbon brought into the plant as________ .proteinhydrocarbonlipidcarbohydratewatera.b.c.d.e.14--XWhich molecule, or type of molecule, is most abundant in the typical living cell?pathogensinsect predatorsother plantsmammalian predatorsPlants have evolved defenses against all of thesea.b.c.d.e.15--XPlants have evolved defenses against all of the following EXCEPT?hypothalamuspituitaryadrenal glandskidneyall of thesea.b.c.d.e.16--XAn unfortunate interaction with a wild boar has left Vigo with a deep laceration that is losing a considerable amount of blood. Which of the following structures will be involved in maintaining his blood pressure (and ensuring his survival)?onetwothreefourNone of thesea.b.c.d.e.17--XThe human immune system is comprised of ____ levels of activity.G1SG2AnaphaseProphasea.b.c.d.e.18--XThe phase of the cell cycle with the LEASTmass of DNA isMaintain homeostasisMaintain proper nutrient and metabolite levelsMaintain proper fluid levelsBoth A and BAll of the abovea.b.c.d.e.19--XWhich of the following is a function that the circulatory system, the lymphatic system, and the digestive system all share?!Chloroplast, mitochondria, parenchymaSource, sink, vacuoleSource, sink, phloemLeaves, roots, phloemBoth C and D are correct answersa.b.c.d.e.20--XFluid always moves from ______________ to ___________ within the _________ of a plant.Page 4PINKGlycolysisLactic acid fermentationAlcoholic fermentationAcetyl CoA formationCitric acid cyclea.b.c.d.e.21--XMost of the ATP produced during respiration is the result of the reactions that take place during which of the following?While both are chemicals that serve to send signals between cells, hormones move only through ducts while neurotransmitters act only through synapses.While both are chemicals the reach target cells through the bloodstream, hormone signals are secreted while neurotransmitter signals are amplified.While both are chemicals secreted by glands, neurotransmitters act on neurons and hormones act on non-specific target cells.While both act as chemical signals between cells, hormones travel through the bloodstream and neurotransmitters travel across synapses.None of the above properly describes both chemicalsa.b.c.d.e.22--XWhich of the following most correctly compares and contrasts hormones and neurotransmitters?!i, iii, vii, iii, ivi, iii, ivi, ivi, iiia.b.c.d.e.23--XAn atom must contain which of the following components?i.!Protonii.!Isotopeiii.!Neutroniv.!Electronv.!Ion! translocationcapillary exchangecation exchangecapillary exchangegirdlinga.b.c.d.e.24--XThe process of ________ allows plants to intake minerals bound to clay particles.an antigen presented by a Helper T cellInterleukin 1Interleukin 2Both A and BBoth A and Ca.b.c.d.e.25--XIn order to produce antibodies and memory