Part 1 Ch 4 Genesis of International Sport Format Olympic Games Timeline International Sports Timeline Title IX Timeline Important People Chart A THE OLYMPIC GAMES 1 Olympic Games Summary International Olympic Committee created by a conference at Sorbonne University in Paris which was initiated by baron Pierre de Coubertin officially credited w modern renewal of Olympics decide on only amateur athletes as in the ideology of the original Games free from political or professional influence o created lots of controversy over what was defined as an amateur 1 st Modern Games April 6 1896 Athens Greece remember this date last 10 days less than 300 participants athletes from 13 countries Some countries represented by delegations 9 sports events track field swimming gymnastics fencing etc 39 total events overall popular Suggested by Michael Breal of France 25 miles totally new event in Games of 1896 became very o marathon race no team or women involvement US had 13 athletes competing mostly from Princeton was considered a tremendous success Track and field James Conway won the first track and field contest American US had won all but two events even back then counting the number of medals they won Greek history Greek messenger Milo divilerying message that they won 1st marathon 1st Olympics was the place of the first marathon war Ran from Marathon to Athens got to Athens and yelled victory and died Michel Breal brought it back Changings a little of time th Century Part 2 Ch 5 International Sports in the 20 A INTERNATIONAL SPORT BEFORE WWI 1 Olympic Games 2nd 3rd Olympic Games in Paris 1900 St Louis 1904 considered failures last for extremely unnecessarily lengthy periods of time Coubertin was not involved in either Games of 1900 Paris fail 1000 athletes women participated in tennis golf Coubertin objected Games of 1904 St Louis fail of athletes was halved from 1900 games women participate in archery interim Games of 1906 Athens celebrated 10th anniversary of 1st modern Games saved the Olympic movement Games of 1908 London fail political problems b w Irish Finns o both countries wanted to be represented under their own national flags although were part of other countries empires o upheaval b w Britian America over this Games of 1912 Stockholm success lots of participation no figure skating it was summertime marathon is officially lengthened from 25 to 26 mi and 385 yds o King Edward VII Palace so he could watch lengthened it so race would end at the Windsor modern pentathlon is added cross country riding fencing pistol shooting swimming cross country race o Coubertin s idea o Lasted 5 days now lasts 1 day Games of 1916 Berlin canceled bc of WWI 2 Jim Thorpe Native American football player who won the decathlon pentathlon in 1912 letters in 11 sports Called greatest athlete in the world by king of Sweden Later IOC discovered he was a minor league baseball player for a year Declared a professional had to return medals was a movement to reinstate Thorpe claimed he was dealt w harshly bc of race pres of International Olympic Committee IOC refuses to Avery Brundage deal w this Juan Antonio Samaranch latter pres of IOC returns medals to Thorpe s children in 1982 3 International Sport Federations World Championships 19th century only international federations for gymnastics rowing cycling skating of federations increase after 1908 Olympics innovation of modern pentathlon federations created for swimming soccer shooting sailing ice hockey weightlifting etc world championships in weightlifting tennis ice hockey Far Eastern Games 1913 Asian multisport competition held in Manila Phillipines stemming from the International YMCA 6 participating countries Phillipines Thailand China Japan Malaysia Hong Kong Davis Cup 1900 Won by US Britain Australia each a few times before WWI tennis competition Tour de France 1903 cycling competition still a major international cycling event today B INTERNATIONAL SPORTS B W WORLD WARS 1 Post WWI Inter Allied Games 1918 competitions in 24 sports grew out of USA French military initiative Games of 1920 Antwerp carried out in primitive conditions Germany Allies not allowed to participate Archery expelled bc of rules dispute 2 important innovations 5 ringed Olympic flag designed by Coubertin Olympic oath to abide by the rules is first used Games of 1924 Paris success largest participation ever no German athletes allowed tennis expelled from the Games introduction of a week of winter sports but was decided to be held in 1926 1 st Winter Games Central American Games of 1926 Mexico City of 1926 Chamonix France athletes from Mexico Cuba Guatemala compete in 9 sports track field basketball baseball diving tennis fencing shooting swimming volleyball Games of 1928 Amsterdam big controversy women athletes participated in 5 track field events o this causes the International Federation of Women s Sports to create their own quadrennial World Games which was renamed the Women s Olympics The last one was in 1934 in London The Worker s Olympics 1925 1937 held in Frankfurt Antwerp created by the International Organization of Socialist Sports SASI SASI along with the Turnen movement de emphasized athletics stars made it team oriented Ends in 1938 when Nazis dissolve movement s associations b w Germany Austria Czechoslovakia Soccer World Cups in the 1930 s 1st Soccer World Cup 1930 o quadrennial games o started out modest popularity grew rapidly Soccer World Cup 1934 Soccer World Cup 1938 o of participating teams hugely increased o major political dispute o Germany forces International Soccer Federation to not let Austrian team play under the German Reich made Austrian players play for German team British Empire Games of 1930 Ontario 11 teams under the British Empire events athletics boxing lawn bowls rowing swimming wrestling later became renamed the Commonwealth Games Games of 1932 Los Angeles neither fail or success extreme decrease in participation suggesting Europe was the center of international sports o nevertheless IOC agrees to continue tradition of holding games in Europe one year then out of Europe the next innovations photo finish camera automatic timing devices 2 Beginnings of WWII Start to Arise Jewish Olympics of 1932 Tel Aviv inspired by 1912 Stockholm Games developed by Yosef Yekutieli all Jewish participants from all over the world events in athletics football swimming always held in Israel nicknamed the Maccabiah Games Western Asian Games of 1934 New Delhi participants