BIOL 152 1st Edition Lecture 27 Outline of Last Lecture I Tinbergen s questions II Behaviors are varied III Fixed action pattern IV Hormones influence behavior V Artificially selecting behavior VI Learning VII Imprinting VIII Navigation IX Biological clocks Outline of Current Lecture I Ritualization II Cooperation III Relatedness IV Sexual selection V Population ecology a Trade offs and life history Current Lecture What is needed for a communication system to evolve Ritualization 1 Increasing the conspicuousness of the behavior 2 Reducing the amount of variation in the behavior so it can be immediately recognized 3 Increasing its separation from the original function Not all signals are completely innate for many songbirds there is a critical period for learning songs 45 14 Honeybees don t just cook their enemies 45 15 Using orientation of the sun and body movements to relay signals of where the food will be found These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Complex behavior innate Cooperation 45 16 Does true altruism exist Reciprocated altruism someone needs something and you give it to them in hope that the action will someday be returned Relatedness 45 17 Probability of being related having the same genes Relatedness in social insects 45 18 75 chance that offspring will be identical in these groups AFFECTS MORE THAN INSECTS Why are courtship displays often ritualized and innate Being familiar makes it easier to identify Sexual dimorphism Why Parental investment theory parent that invests more time becomes the more choosy partner results in men becoming more conspicuous Sexual selection What drives human behavior Mostly the environment genetics have a small but significant role Population ecology ch 46 Population all the individuals of a given species that live and reproduce in the same place This is the unit on which evolution occurs Key features of a population 46 1 Population size Geographic size Population density Population distribution can be random clumped or over dispersed 46 3 Factors affecting population size 46 3 Mark and recapture 46 7 Age structure data and stability 46 8 Age structure can inform us about sustainability 46 9 Trade offs and life history Organisms often exhibit trade offs between reproduction and other physiological features The life history of an organism is the evolved pattern of resource investment
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