BIOL 152 1st Edition Lecture 16 Outline of Last Lecture I. Case studyII. OomycetesIII. What makes an animal an animal?IV. Plants and animals a. Similarities b. DifferencesV. Biological feedbacka. Homeostasisb. Positive and negative feedbackOutline of Current Lecture I. Kingdom fungia. Characteristicsb. Land surface fungii. Typesii. ExamplesII. Lichen diversity Current LectureKingdom fungiCharacteristics- Eukaryotic- Heterotrophic- Chitin strengthens cell walls - Filamentous - Reproduce by spores- Obtain nutrients by absorptiono Secrete powerful enzymeso External digestionAncestry= aquaticThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Chytrids (first group)o Decomposerso Aquatic fungiSome are parasites: chytridiomycosis- Affects skin on frogs- Global pathogen- Has caused frog extinction - Spreading rapidly through Central America Land surface fungiZygomycotaEx. Piolobolus “hat thrower”- Common on herbivore dung- Stalk elongates rapidly- Forms sporangium at tip- Phototrophic- bends towards light- Subsporangial vesicle acts as lens and repellant Phylum named for spore typeZygospore= only diploid cellEx. Black bread mold - Asexual reproductionAscomycota - Septa between cellso Separations between individual cells- New phaseo Dikaryotic phase (n + n) two separate haploid nuclei- “sac fungi”- named for spore type o Ascospores in asci (sacs)- Mostly haploido Ex. Cup fungi, morels, yeastBasidiomycota- Phylum named for spore type- Basidiospores on basidium (clubs)- Some have extensive subterranean biomass- Mushrooms, gill fungi, wheat rust, puff balls, bracket fungi- About 25,000 typesLichens- Fungal mycelium= main body- Green algae (usually) or cyanobacteria= photosynthetic layer- Extremely widespreado Deserts, tree trunks, rocks, arctic etc.o 350 speciesLichen diversity3 basic growth forms- Crustoseo Very thin thallus, tightly connected to substrate- Folioseo Thicker thallus, loosely connected to substrate- Fruticoseo Thallus 3-D, mostly free from
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