Hist 2010 1st Edition Lecture 32Outline of Last LectureI. The North and South, a Comparison on the Eve of the WarII. Wartime Strategies, Advantages, and DisadvantagesOutline of Current LectureIII. Notable Battles and EventsIV. Civil war as first modern warV. The Home Front: Myth of a United North & SouthThe American Civil War: Fort Sumter, April 12 1861 Part #2III. . Notable Battles and Events Marching on down to Richmond and conquer it once and for all A. War in the East1. First Manassas (Bull Run) (VA) (July 1861) Significance: first major battle that takes place between North and South- does demonstrate that it will not be wrapped up in one battle 2. Peninsula Campaign (VA) (April-July 1862) Significance: Leads to the rise of Robert E. Lee- George Mcullan plan: as North begins to move up the river, as the army approaches he is met by confederate army and is forced to retreat - Mclullan’s plan FAILEDThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.3. Sharpsburg (Antietam Creek)(MD)(Sept. 1862) Robert E. Lee decides to invade Maryland and he can win their it will convince France and England to intervene and then maybe the Maryland will secede and join the Union. Offensive-Defensive Fought to a stalemate Significance: Strategically Robert E. Lee is not successful in winning the victory in the north and convincing England and France to intervene in the war- Issues the Emancipation Proclamation Emancipation Proclamation- freed only those slaves under confederate control, any slaves under Union control were not free - Why did Lincoln did this? Did this as commander and chief not political measure, so he could win the war and hurt confederate war effort, pragmatic, made it more acceptable to northerners4. Fredericksburg (Dec. 1862) Robert E. Lee was station on the hill, North unleashes 7 assaults on Lee and North loses and South wins  Significance: shows that these battle field commanders were not very good at making decisions for the army 5. Chancellorsville (May 1863) Lee tries to meet Hooker, outnumbered 2:1 and splits his army into 3 and wins the battle  Significance: was another Confederate victory, Lee is very confident in his army and decides to lead another attack and continue north 6. Gettysburg (PA)(July 1-3, 1863) Lee decides to invade PA because he is confident, the two armies meet a Gettysburg and for three days they fight a life or death struggle 1st: Confederate as success and Lee retreats beck Significance: most decisive battle in civil and war and most costly battle, 50,000 for north and south combined. TURNING POINT IN WAR (one side gives up initiative and other side takes it) South goes on defense North goes on offense Lee is now trying to protect Richmond7. Petersburg Siege (VA) (June 1864-April 1865) Two armies settle at Petersburg, for ten months they are stationed here. Grant is going to try to wait it out, Lee’s army fades away. He tries to move his troops and as he moves west Grant is on him and eventually gets in front of him. Significance: that Lees army is fading away and the end is in site 8. Lee Surrenders (April 9, 1865) Significance: Lee surrenders, his army was the most successful B. The Naval War1. Union Blockade “anaconda plan”, has a blockade around the confederates coastlines The first thing to do is to build iron clad ships “iron Clads” To2. Monitor vs. Virginia Battle b/w monitor and VA, looks like they are going to be successful BUT then The Union iron clad comes “monitor” These two ships fight a three hour stalemate Sig: first battle in world history between two iron clad ships, it makes wooden ships obsolete 3. CSS Hunley First successful submarine and designed by Hunley, designed in  It destroys a ship by a spar, they would sneak up to a ship, the spar would attach explosive device and they would pull the devise and sank the USS Hesatonic They were about to return to shore and then they were never found againC. War in the West everywhere but VA1. Importance of Tennessee West TN: Importance because of the MS river Memphis is a good manufacturing place Middle TN: feed Lees army in VA, Nashville, how to get down to AL Nashville, Chatt, ATL East TN: strong Unionist, connects the railroad to SW VA How to protect TN?: forts 2. Forts Henry (TN river) &Donelson (Cumberland river) (TN) (Feb. 1862) Grant Takes both forts Nashville is the first Confederate capital to fall Significance: provides access to Nashville which falls and Fort Henry protects TN river3. Battle of Shiloh (April 1862) Grants objective: take Corinth because there are two railroads Confederates know they are at Corinth, they clash at Shiloh, 2 day battle Confederates win the first day, that night Grant receives 25,000 reinforcements and day 2 he defeats the Confederate Significance: demonstrates that the war is going to be long and costly because after the Unions victories in the west, demonstrates that the South was demoralized 4. Vicksburg (MS) (May-July 1863) Vicksburg is a river city, Abe’s goal is to take MS river to split the Confederates Grants greatest campaign because he tries 7 times to get Vicksburg, he finally marches his army west bank of the river and comes at it from the east Significance: provides the North complete control of the MS river 5. Chattanooga (Nov. 1863) Significance: leads to grant promotion of the Union armiesUS Grant- Impresses lincol6. Atlanta (Sept. 1864) Sherman begins a slow approach to ATL Significance: it ensures Lincolns relection, good news at just the right imeLincoln’s Reelection- With the election he is going to see the war through 7. Sherman’s March to Sea He and his army destroy everything in its sight He is making war against their will to fight Convinces southerners that the war has become too much Significance : making war against the will of the people and convincing them that the war has become to