Hist 2010 1st Edition Lecture 16Outline of Last LectureI. Creating a Government for the New NationOutline of Current LectureII. Constitutional Government Takes ShapeCurrent LectureArticles of Confederation, the Constitution, & the New Republic Part #2 FinishII. Constitutional Government Takes ShapeA. Philadelphia Convention (1787) Discuss the problem with the confederation and propose the new government, every state should elect delegates to attend this constitution Only to consider to fix and mend the articles of confederation 74 delegates, 55 attend at one time or another, 12 states send it, Rhode island doesn’t send anyone Illegal Assembly because they need all 13 states, they cannot amend the articles illegally 1st Decision, George Washington was elected the first president over the convention 2nd Decision, Each state would have one vote: it matters because big states cannot overpower 3rd Decision, The proceedings will be held in secret: not going to have delegates speak publically James Madison kept personal notes1. Virginia Plan (they pursued this plan) Gov. Randolph and James Madison Large states plan Amendments, 2 house congress Representation, based on populationThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. The lower house elects the upper house Both houses elect the president Biggest issue how to balance the states 2. New Jersey Plan Small states plan A single house congress Each state has one vote B. Compromises How to balance the representation of the big and small states1. Great Compromise 2 house congress, low house: based on population, upper house: eachstate has equal amount of peopleSenate (fixed)- In every two years the entire house comes up for reelection- They senators were chosen by state legislatures House (proportional)2. Three-Fifths Compromise Southern’s wanted slaves to be accounted for because it would make their population larger and more members of the house They decided to count 3/5 of the slaves The southern states still have slaves have more voting power in congressC. Major Provisions of the US Constitution1. Separation of Powers/Checks and Balances Takes both houses of congress to pass a bill President has check on congress and the congress has check on president if they get 2/3’s vote President appoints cabinet but senate has to approve Make sure we don’t have one branch assuming to much power2. Electoral College To come together and see if something is obsolete 3. Federalism States will be able to make their own laws for their people The concepts that the states have the power too Congress the makes national laws and legislature that makes state lawsD. Debate Over Ratification Only need 9 states approval Decided that each state would hold a convention of delegates1. Anti-Federalists Opposed the constitution 1st: many state officials disapprove, those who are concerned about a strong national government 2nd : argued that this kind of a government was better for a small country 3rd : how are they truly going to know the concern of the people 4th : opposed because there was no bill of rights 2. Federalists Trying to pass the constitutionFederalist Papers (Federalist #10)3. Ratification (1787-88) It takes place Congress collects right is the first thing that occurs4. Bill of Rights Added (1791) Anti-federalist jump on board with the
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