Hist 2010 1st Edition Lecture 24Outline of Last LectureI. Definition of Social ReformII. Reasons for ReformIII. Reform MovementsOutline of Current LectureI. Cotton is KingII. White Society in the Old SouthThe Old SouthI. “Cotton is King” A. The Lure of Cotton Everyone can benefit from growing cotton in the South Large demand for itB. Growing Dependence on Slavery Number of slaves growing because of cotton Important part of the South’s economy C. Southerners’ Need for New Land Economic reasons Needs to expand because the ground becomes less fertile The south knows they can never catch up to the north in the House BUT as long as they maintain enough votes in the senate they can beat any legislature Political Reasons Must be allowed to expand in new territories if slavery were to thrive D. North and South, 1800-18601. Economic Divergence Hustling economy in the north Stagnate economy in the south Southern cotton is feeding northern economies 2. Similarities Same religions Both fought England together Same commitment to American values II. White Society in the Old SouthA. Planters Defined as someone who owned 20+ slavesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. 25% owned slaves, ½ of these owned 5 or less, 1% owned 100 or more The Elitema 80% of state legislature was controlled by them1. Lowland vs. Highland Strongest in lowland areas "level" area more plantations more cotton more slaves more planters Highland you have fewer the terrains doesn't allow it, weaker soil Typically would hire someone to manage his plantation Wife would care for plantation food clothes cleaning - Is shamed by her husband B. Small Slaveholders Might just own two or three slaves How man slaves you have and how much land you have,shows your social status Small slave holders wanted to become large slave holders C. Plain Folk (small landowners) Made up the bulk of the population in the south Self sufficient farmers growing enough for their families May sell or trade if they have extra Very independent Democrats D. Poor Whites 10% were landless May work in a sea port city May work in handE. Professionals Lawyers, merchants, physicians Biggest clients were slave holders Support slavery F. White Consensus in the Old South1. Hinton Helper, Impending Crisis of the South (1857) He wrote a book White man from North Carolina Argued that slavery was an economic curse to wife's, yes it benefited the ones who owned them but it held back the economy of the south Conclusion he takes the census records and against southern vs. northern and categorizes them and north comes on top. White southern a who own slaves need to recognize this and the common white needs to take of the governmentand look over their interest. This book was not well received in south 2. Why the Absence of Conflict? Many common whites did business with planters Non slave owners wanted to become slave owners The pro slavery argument Slavery is under attack so southern a look for ways to defend itG. The Proslavery Argument1. Natural Human Condition They say that it is natural and superior people enslave inferior people it has existed in the world forever Argues it was good for the slave If you didn't have slavery they would be still locked up in Africa and here in America they have a better life per say 2. From “Necessary Evil” to “Positive Good”3. Paternalism The slave owner cares for the slaves as they would children Other defense is biblical criticized slavery as a contradiction with the bible they would search scripture that would support slavery or sanction slavery H. Southern Churches and Slavery1. Shifting Position of Southern Christians2. Slavery is “Ordained by God”3. Methodists (1844) & Baptists (1845) Split Two main denominations split over slavery Methodist church, Northern and southern 1845 Baptist churches split They were trying to decide whether missionaries could own slaves "Southern baptist convention " 1939 they baptist reunites4. The Bible and Slavery Was not clear on the issues of
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