Hist 2010 1st Edition Exam # 2 Study Guide Lectures: 13 - 23 Study Sheet Exam IIProclamation of 1763: Because of the Pontiac Rebellion, parliament passes The Proclamation of 1763. States that American settlers are prohibited to moving west of the Appalachian mountains because it would bring conflict with Indians and it would be expensive for BritainPontiac’s Rebellion: This rebellion began because with the French gone the English face the Indians alone. Pontiac organized the Mississippi valley region to attack the Americans to keep them from moving west into their land. Him and his warriors killed thousands of colonist, TOTAL WARFARE. This showed that there was a need to keep British soldiers in the colonies Sugar Act: Was an act to raise money to pay for the protection of the colonist Places a tax on the sugar and sugar related products imported from a foreing country Anyone accused of smuggling goods would be arrested and tried by a court with a single judge ( can decide innocent or guilty) This was an outrage to the American colonist Stamp Act: The sugar act is succeeded by the Stamp act. It imposed taxes on anything made of paper. This act also outrages the Americans because there is no member of parliament elected by colonist.Townshend Duties: Were taxes on various colony projects because the stamp act did not work. There was a hidden clause that stated that part of the money raised would be going to pay the salaries of the colonial governors. This “act” also compelled colonial men and women to boycott British products which eventually lead to the Boston Massacre Republicanism: Is a theory of government during this time and the Americans followed it. It is the belief that the best kind of government that exist is one that the people have power over and need voters to elect leaders and hold them accountableStamp Act Congress: All they want is for parliament to repeal the stamp act. Nine colonies send delegates to talk about the crisis in England they draft a document and send to London. It is agreed upon and in 1766 parliament repeals the stamp actMissouri Compromise: was a federal law in the United States that regulated slavery in the country's western territories. Thecompromise, devised by Henry Clay, was agreed to by the pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States Congress and passed as a law in 1820.Virtual Representation: They do not elect members of parliament BUT they would never do anything that was not in the bestinterest for the British Empire. So “virtually” they are being represented. Coercive (Intolerable) Acts: This act imposed that the Boston harbor was closed until the tea is paid for. The outcome of this act causes the Massachusetts assembly to dissolve and British General Gage becomes governor of Massachusetts Lexington & Concord: Paul Revere and Doles announce that the British army is coming, this rally’s 70 minute men (farmers with guns) who were waiting for the 700 British troops. British push the American’s out of the way in Lexington and move to Concord and are met by 100’s of American’s and they trade fire after this the British retreat to Boston. When the British get backinto Boston they have lost 275 men,By the time they get back 20,000 American’s are waiting for them.Thomas Paine: Thomas Paine’s Common Sense (Jan. 1776), It is common sense that America needs to declare Independence. He believed that Americans should not be dependent on EnglandSecond Continental Congress: This congress meets in May 1775, and appoints George Washington as head over the American troopsBattle of Bunker Hill: George Washington commanded the troops to put cannons on the hill so they can fire on the town and the harbor but General Gage decides to attack the hill before they set up. The outcome of the battle was, 50% British become casualties and the American’s evacuate and British winOlive Branch Petition: Drafts a petition to send to London have 3 demands 1. Sees fire in Boston 2. Repeal the coercive acts 3. British will recognize American rights This petition arives at the same time of the battle of bunker hill arrives  It FAILS and they prepare for warDeclaration of Independence: Delcare from VA, that they declare their independence July, 2, 1776 passes a resolution declaring Independence Put together a committee to put together a document Thomas Jefferson drafts the document and on July 4, 1776 Declaration of Independence 27 grievances about England Loyalists & Patriots: These are “american’s” who are still loyal to England they may still have family and attachment to England numerous Governors and officials are still tied to England, and also ministers in the Church. During the Revolutionary war 1/3 of the population were loyalist and the British underestimated the number of loyalist which had an effect on the outcome of the warBattle of New York: The British relocated to New York, so they could be around loyalist and the Hudson River to resupply their army. In defense, George Washington moved is troops to the mouth of the Hudson RiverBattle of Saratoga: This battle was one of the advances the British took when they were trying to take New York, American wins. Benedict Arnold was critical to winning this battle. He captured the entire British army. This battle was a major outlet for the French to enter the war. They send their troops and navy to support the U.S and we would have not won without the French. Battle of Yorktown: This battle was a Huge victory for the Americans, Cornwallace does not have success anywhere he goes. General Cornwallace retreats to Yorktown to rest the troops and resupply by the British Navy. French and American troops get word of this and travel from New York and surround Cornwallace and force him to surrender. Then the French fleet arrives off of the coast of Yorktown because they defeated the British Navy, that were trying to resupply Cornwallace. This battle forces the British to decide that they cannot win against the Americans and that they need to negotiate a treaty.Nathaniel Greene: Was a general for the American army he ran Hit and run attacks with the militia men. Greene’s strategies were that Army’s must be supplied with medical supplies, and food in order to be able to keep them ready and healthy. His plan was to draw the Britishs into deep S.C. and make the supply line long and thin so the militia can