BIOL 152 1st Edition Exam 2 Study Guide Lectures 9 14 Lecture 9 February 17 Symbiosis a relationship between two organisms in close proximity over time Mutualistic Parasitic Commensalism Endosymbiosis the theory that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from an engulfed prokaryote Organismal structure and function All organisms must Get energy o Absorb or autotrophic Exchange genes Remove waste Balance salt and water Coordinate body activity Reproduce or go extinct Multicellular organisms must do all the above these Transport diffusion too slow Need communication among cells Organization and specialization of cells o Tissues o Organs o Organ system o Organism Know the characteristics that are specific to the following Excavata groove mark in cell body excavated cavity Euglenoids Chromalveolata known for alveoli undercavity Dinoflagellates Diatoms Brown algae Archeoplastida formed from symbiosis with cyanobacteria Red algae Rhodophyta Green Algae precursor to land plants Lecture 10 February 19 Understand the plant structures and functions Challenges that were overcome to move to land Basic anatomy of a plant Water life Vascular tissue Cohesion tension model Vascular bundle Lecture 11 February 24 Plant transport systems The move to land Alternation of generations o Plant life cycle Moss Ferns Gymnosperms and angiosperms Lecture 12 February 26 General functions of flower structures Essential flower organs Physical constraints and forces plants experience Apical meristem Vegetative growth Control of flower development Control of plant growth Plant responses Phototropism Lecture 13 March 3 Conclusions from experiments by Darwin and Boysen Jenson Fritz W Went o Importance o Experiments Auxin discoveries Auxin effects Plant hormones o Functions o Effects Apical dominance Tropisms Plant defenses o Advantages and disadvantages Entry for pathogens Types of pathogens Immune systems How to stop biotropic pathogen Lecture 14 March 5 Types of plant defense mechanisms o Mechanical o Ecological o Chemical Adaptation in grasses Resources and defenses Constitutive vs inducible defenses Diversity of land plants Nonvascular vs vascular Diversity of gymnosperms Angiosperms
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