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UNC-Chapel Hill ENST 201 - Industrial Agriculture

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ENST 201 1st Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture I. Modern Pastoralism (Animals)II. AntibioticsIII. Relationship between Rural Areas and CitiesIV. Corn Outline of Current Lecture I. Innovations of 19th centuryII. Industrial AgricultureIII. Trade Offs of Industrial AgricultureCurrent LectureI. Innovations of 19th centurya. Fast transportation: before this innovation only foods that were light weight and had long shelf lives could be shippedb. Cooling: allowed foods to be stored for a long time without spoilingc. Canning: Easier and more efficient storing of foodsd. Before these innovations alcohol, spices, and tobacco were about the only things that could be shipped long distancesII. Industrial Agriculturea. Farmers selectively breed high yielding cropsi. More and more people only plant these high yielding crops for profit1. This cuts down the plant diversity in an area2. These plants typically have stunted roots a. They need people to provide water and nutrients to them, because their roots are ineffective in doing so themselvesb. Farmers like these stunted roots because it allows them to pack the plants together more densely3. This tendency to plant one type of crop leads to many monoculturesa. Since plants are all the same, it leads to more susceptibilityto pestsi. Large populations of pests are in the area and pesticides are used. Since the population is so These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.large, there is a higher chance of resistance buildingup ii. “pesticide treadmill” once you start using pesticidesyou have to keep using an increasing amount of pesticides and keep increasing the strength of the pesticidesiii. One upside to the use of pesticides is that newer pesticides have been developed to break down in the environment easierIII. Trade offs of Industrial Agriculturea. Run out of arable land due to soil degradation and erosionb. Distribution of food is skewed, because people with less money are more sensitive to food price increasesc. Loss of biodiversity: this is due to more and more land being taken up by agriculture, which pushes many species out of their natural habitatsd. Obesity and heart problems have been on the rise because of the abundance of cheap processed foodse. Water


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UNC-Chapel Hill ENST 201 - Industrial Agriculture

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