ENST 201 1st Edition Lecture 5Outline of Last Lecture I. The Switch from Hunting and Gathering to AgricultureII. Disadvantages of Agricultural LifestylesIII. Advantages of Hunting and GatheringIV. Agriculturalists Coexisting with Hunter GatherersOutline of Current Lecture I. Female Health of Hunter Gatherers and AgriculturalistsII. Agricultural StrategiesCurrent LectureI. Female Health of Hunter Gatherers and Agriculturalistsa. Body weight of a woman is tied to when she has her first period and “comes of age”b. Women who are more sedentary and have higher percentages of body fat tend to have their periods earlier, which is parallel to the women of agriculturei. They do work hard in the fields, but they have higher percentages of bodyfat, because they are eating more carbs c. Women who are more athletic have lower body fat percentages, because they are more active, so they will have their periods later. Hunter gatherer women arelike these athletic womend. The shift from women who have low body fat percentages to women who have high body fat percentages is a sign that society has really changedi. Women having earlier periods will accelerate the population growth, which helped spread agriculture and settlementsII. Agricultural Strategiesa. Extensive Agriculture: farm expands when crop demand increasesi. Type 1: pastoralism- typically in areas too dry/ coldii. Type 2: Swidden- typically where there is low soil fertility and povertyiii. Type 3: Hybrid Systems- mixture of the other two types and tends to be more productiveb. Swidden Agriculturei. They did not understand horticulture, but they made due by knowing which crops worked best in certain climates/ seasonsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.ii. Modern farmers shoot for highest yields, while pre- agricultural revolution farmers just wanted to protect against disaster1. They sacrificed having the best tasting and highest producing crops for sturdier crops that could withstand the current environment iii. Swidden farmers practiced slash and burn agriculture1. They let trees dry out, then they burned the trees, then they planted a large variety of different plants to ensure that some survive2. In slash and burn, burned plots should be left alone for about 30-40 years in order to allow the land to recovera. As populations grew, people allowed the land less and less time to
View Full Document
Unlocking...