ENST 201 1st Edition Lecture 5 Outline of Last Lecture I The Switch from Hunting and Gathering to Agriculture II Disadvantages of Agricultural Lifestyles III Advantages of Hunting and Gathering IV Agriculturalists Coexisting with Hunter Gatherers Outline of Current Lecture I Female Health of Hunter Gatherers and Agriculturalists II Agricultural Strategies Current Lecture I II Female Health of Hunter Gatherers and Agriculturalists a Body weight of a woman is tied to when she has her first period and comes of age b Women who are more sedentary and have higher percentages of body fat tend to have their periods earlier which is parallel to the women of agriculture i They do work hard in the fields but they have higher percentages of body fat because they are eating more carbs c Women who are more athletic have lower body fat percentages because they are more active so they will have their periods later Hunter gatherer women are like these athletic women d The shift from women who have low body fat percentages to women who have high body fat percentages is a sign that society has really changed i Women having earlier periods will accelerate the population growth which helped spread agriculture and settlements Agricultural Strategies a Extensive Agriculture farm expands when crop demand increases i Type 1 pastoralism typically in areas too dry cold ii Type 2 Swidden typically where there is low soil fertility and poverty iii Type 3 Hybrid Systems mixture of the other two types and tends to be more productive b Swidden Agriculture i They did not understand horticulture but they made due by knowing which crops worked best in certain climates seasons These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute ii Modern farmers shoot for highest yields while pre agricultural revolution farmers just wanted to protect against disaster 1 They sacrificed having the best tasting and highest producing crops for sturdier crops that could withstand the current environment iii Swidden farmers practiced slash and burn agriculture 1 They let trees dry out then they burned the trees then they planted a large variety of different plants to ensure that some survive 2 In slash and burn burned plots should be left alone for about 3040 years in order to allow the land to recover a As populations grew people allowed the land less and less time to recover
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