Psyc 360 1st Edition Lecture 19 Outline of Last Lecture I. Close RelationshipsOutline of Current Lecture II. HelpingCurrent LectureIs it human nature to be helpful or aggressive?- Fight or Flight Response- Situational Factorso Human nature is for our behavior to be shaped by the situation we are inIn general people tend to be more helpful than aggressive 1. We are looking out for number 1 – ourselveso Can lead to aggressivenesso Ghangis Khan was aggressive and killed a lot of people, but he had help from his friends troops to kill peopleKitty G. killed in New York under street light in a courtyard of an apartment – no one called the police. Someone yelled out the window and killer fled Kitty stumbled inside building still screaming and another man saw the killer come back and stab her eight more times. o Why did no one call the cops?o Situational factors that kept each person from helpingo Something wrong with human natureo Modern society has made people callouso Would someone have some to her aide if this murder had occurred in a rural area?Logic: probability of person A helping is 40%Probability of person b helping is 40%Psychologic not the same as logic…These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.This phenomenon of Kitty G. is normal and predictable behavior. When people are individuated they are more likely to help. CPR training is thanks to studySTEPS0. Event Takes Place – Emergency happens1. Notice the event2. Interpret it as an emergency3. Take Charge (reason Kitty G. died – no one took charge)4.5. HELPRoad Blocks (that can interfere with steps to help)Social Non-socialDistracted by other bystanders DistractionPluralistic ignoranceDiffusion of ResponsibilityBystander Phenomenon- The tendency to be less likely to help when other bystanders are aroundWhether an event is an emergency or not is quite ambiguous. - Smoke in room video first condition the woman is alone when smoke fills the room and she leaves, but the second condition she is in a room with several people and does not leave the room when smoke fills the room. She looks to the people around and none react, so she doesn’t either. Not interpreting it as an emergency. - Pluralistic Ignorance- assuming nothing is wrong because others appear unconcerned.10%40%70%Left the room3 Naïve Participants2 Passive confederatesAloneEveryone turns to others, but because they don’t react she doesn’t think it’s an emergency.People can believe something is an emergency, but don’t react because of the reactions of others. Public conformity does influence this.Ignorance of crowds because no one wants to over react, so everyone “under reacts” Diffusion of responsibility study- Everyone in own room, but microphone and speakers are set up in rooms. All you can dois hear what others are saying through speaker, but can’t speak through microphone while anyone else is speaking. One woman is talking and begins seizing while speaking she tells over the microphone she is having a seizure. Everyone knows it is an emergency. One condition you are alone and 100% of people helped. Other conditions people thought there were other bystanders. For each bystander added the less likely the woman was helped. 5 BS2 BS1