ENTO 208 1st EditionExam # 2 Study Guide Lectures: 9-17Lecture main points and practice questionsLice (Lecture 9)I. Order: Pthirapteraa. Wingless, dorso-ventrally flattened, chewing/sucking parasitesb. Vagabond’s disease, trench feverQ: Vagabond’s disease is a common disease due to:1.Pthirus pubis2.Pediculus humanus capitis3.Soleopotes bovicola4.Haematopinus linognathus5.Pediculus humanus humanusWhich louse is the cause of trench fever?1.Pediculus humanus capitis2.Pthirus pubis3.Haematopinus linognathus4.Pediculus humanus humanus5.Soleopotes bovicolaWhat is the species of Bovicola that parasitizes cattle?1.bovis2.eurysternus3.capillatus4.vituli5.quadripertususThe louse egg is known as:1.Nit2.Nill3.Nut4.Nip5.NatA: 5,4,1,1Fleas (Lecture 10)I. Order: Siphonapteraa. Wingless, ectoparasites, dorso-laterally flattened, complete metamorphosisb. Only adults feed on blood, not host specific (mainly rodents)c. Human flea (pulex irritans), Oriental Flea (vector of plaque), Sticktight flea (imbeds head in host, Echidnophaga gallinacean, attach to chickens)Siphonaptera feed on:1.Blood2.Xylem and phloem3.Leaves4.Decomposing material5.Skin tissuesWhat are the bristles on the fleas legs used for?1.2.Helping to copulate while on the host3.Helping to smell the host4.Helping to grip onto the host5Helping to taste the. hostHow long can pre-emergent adult fleas wait in a cocoon waiting for a suitablehostA.1 dayB.1 weekC.1 monthD.6 monthsE.>1 yearWhich flea(s) insert their head and/or body into the vergebrate host when feeding?A.Cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis)B.Sticktight flea (Echidnophaga gallinacea)C.Chigoe flea (Tunga penetrans)D.B and CWhere does flea mating usually occur?1.Wherever they feel like it2.Under soil or other substrate3.In a nest4.On host5.Off hostThis flea is most commonly found on poultry:1.Ctenocephalides felis2.Xenopsylla cheopis3Tunga. penetrans4.Echidnophagagallinacea5.Pulex irritans6.Ctenocephalides canisA: 1,4,E,D,4,4Diptera (Lecture 11, 12 & 13)I. Sarcophagidae (flesh flies)a. Myasis – larvae laid on healthy skinII. Hippoboscidae (keds, louse flies)a. Larviparous, dorso-ventrally flattened, compound eyes and wings III. Pyschodidae (sand fly)a. Leishmanisis diseaseIV. Simuliidae (Black Flies) a. Onchoceriasis (river blindness)b. Black Fly feverV. Biting Midgesa. Females blood-feed b. Blue-tongue virus (affects sheep)VI. Tabanidaea. Larvae are predaciousb. Over 4000 speciesc. Blood feedersd. Equine Infectious AnemiaVII. Oestridae (Bot Flies) (Oestrinae, Gastrerophilinae)a. Adults look like beesb. Adults do not feedc. Lay eggs on other, smaller diptera who carry them to hostsVIII. Culicidae (Mosquitoes)a. Males have more “feathery” antennaeb. Some lay eggs in rafts (culex), some individually (aedes, anopheles)c. Larvae breathe through spiracles or siphon (some connect to plants)Myiasis is the infestation of tissue on a dead animal or human by fly larvae? True FalseAdults of which of the following flies may serve as vectors of blue tongue disease of sheep?a.Mosquitoesb.Black Fliesc.Biting Midgesd.Sheep KedsDraining wetlands would be a control measure to reduce which fly?a.Flesh Flyb.HorseFlyc.SheepKedd.Blow Flye.Face FlySand Flies are an important vector transmitting the protozoan agent resulting in Leishmaniasis in humans and dogs in the United States. True FalseWhich fly is NOT larviparous?A.Common Flesh FlyB.Blow FlyC.Sheep KedD.Flat FlyMales of which of the following flies are blood feeders?a.Mosquitob.Biting Midgec.Black Flyd.None of the AboveBot flies resemble:1.Bees2Beetl. es3.Butterflies4.Ants5.FliesAs a unique strategy for ovipositing on a host, the female human bot fly attaches her eggs to a mosquito which then hatch after the mosquito lands on a host. True FalseMusca domestica is commonly known as:1.Cluster fly2.Blow fly3.Face fly4.House fly5.Flesh flyRodent bot flies can achieve a 100,000 fold increase in weight during larval development. True FalseHow many times does the screwworm fly mate?1.Once2.Never3.Twice4.Many timesThe male mosquito’s abdomen ends in:1.Claspers2.Ceri3.Costa4.Pedicel5.ScalesWhich mosquito genera is a major nuisance mosquito along coastal Texas and has been implicated in exanguination of cattle?a.Toxorhynchitesb.Anophelesc.Culexd.Aedese.CulisetaIn flies, the second pair of wings is modified into small knobs called:1.Halteres2.Hind wings3.Sclerites4.Trochanter5.Apex veinsOnly female flies in the Hippoboscidae family take a blood meal. True FalseThe sheep ked was introduced into the US:1.18562.1980s3.1200s4.1800s5.1400sEggs of which of the following mosquito genera are deposited in groups termed a “raft”?a.Anophelesb.Culexc.Aedesd.PsorophoraApproximately how many species of mosquitoes are known?1.35002.723.1504.5005.120,000Approximately how many species of Tabanidae are found on the North American continent?1.50002.2503.43004.10005.335The adult mosquito has how many abdominal segments, total?1.62.93.104.857.Adults of which of the following flies do not feed?a.Bot Flyb.Flesh Flyc.Blow Flyd.Muscoid FlyWhich fly family is most responsible for being the vector of Leishmaniasis.a. PsychodidaeSimuliidaeCeratopogonidaeMuscidaeHow can dragonflies help control Tabanidae?1.Eat Tabanidae eggs2.Disrupt Tabanidae environments3.Attack Tabanidae adults4.They don’t help control them5.Eat Tabanidae larvaeCalliphoridae are considered:1.W-strategists2.K-strategists3.B-strategists4.B-strategists5R-. strategistsCochliomyia hominivorax is commonly known as:1.The secondary screwworm2.The primary screwworm3.The hairy maggot blow fly4.The sheep fly5.The black blow flyThe sterile insect technique, invented by Edward Knipling, was successful in the total eradication of the screwworm from the United States. True FalseA:F,c,b,F,b,d,1,T,4,T,1,1,d,1,F,5,1,5,3,a,a,3,5,2,TDirect Importance (Lecture 15)I. Equine Encephalitis – viral disease, 90%+ mortality in horses, spread by horse fliesII. Venezuelan EE – viral disease, horses are reservoir hosts instead of dead-endsIII. West Nile – viral disease, most geographically widespread, majority of infected individuals do not show symptomsIV. Dog heart worm – filarial wormsV. Rift Valley Fever – viral disease, vectors lay eggs that lay dormant till a flooding event, Middle East & AfricaVI. Malaria – protozoan Dog heartworm is caused by:1.Alphavirus2.Plasmodium sp3.Dirofilaria4Wolbachi. a5.PhlebovirusRFV epidemics is associated with:1.Year-round ponds2.Manure3.Flooding events4.Fast-moving