ENTO 208 1st Edition Lecture 17 Outline of Lecture 16I. Iceberg principle II. Prevention and control III. Approachesa. Prevent bitesb. Suppress populationsc. Minimize mosquito vertebrate contactd. Reduce longevity of female mosquitoe. Reduce host susceptibility Outline of Lecture 17DiagnosticsEpidemiologya. Immunology 101II. Rift Valley FeverCurrent LectureMosquitoesDiagnostics - detecting parasites in vectors as well as if potential host has been bitten/infected-microbiology, molecular biology, virology, immunologyEpidemiologyDiagnosticsI. Detection of the agent: cell culture (isolate the potential virus in a dish and wait for growth)II. Detection of antibodies: antigen capture (VecTest or RAMP: quick and easy testinga. PCR (polymerase chain reaction - amplifies a piece of DNA)b. -qualitative PCRIII. Immunology 101o Viral agent enters host, host produces antibodiesi. -these antibodies can be detectedo Serological Assay: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)- relies on antigen-antibody bindingi. Plaque reduction neutralization test - antibodies neutralize virus serumIV. Epidemiologyo Study of pattersn, cause and effect of conditionsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Quantitative tools (applied statistics, multivariate statistics, ecological statistics, modeling)o Geographic Information systems - software for geographically referenced informationV. Rift Valley Fevero Abortion stormso Epidemic activity - Africao Transmission - sudden heavy rainfall results in high viral activityo Most threatening vessel for virus transport to US - 1) mosquito by ship, 2) human travel, 3) mosquito by plane*Most competent vector does not equate to most threatening to spread to humanso The most competent may be highly host specific and not feed on humans*Host competence - for Rift valley: non-human primates, cows, sheep, goats, rodentso Combining vector and host competence, transmission, etc. to determine
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