BIOL 101 1nd Edition Lecture 18 Outline of Last Lecture I II III The Flow of Genetic Information Act I Replication Act II Transcription and Translation Outline of Current Lecture I Practice Exam II Chapter 8 III Chapter 9 IV Chapter 10 Current Lecture 1 A mouse sperm of genotype a B C D E fertilizes an egg of genotype a b c D e What will the genotype of the zygote be Assume no nondisjunction A a a b b C c d d E e B a a B b C c D d E e C a a B b C c D D E e 2 The chart below shows the results of different matings between jimsonweed plants that had either purple or white flowers and spiny or smooth pods Determine the dominant allele for the two traits Purple Spiny White Spiny Purple Smooth White Smooth purple spiny x purple spiny 94 32 28 11 purple spiny x purple smooth 40 0 38 0 purple spiny x white spiny 34 30 0 0 purple smooth x purple smooth 0 0 36 11 These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute white spiny x white spiny A B C D 0 45 0 16 Purple and Smooth White and Smooth Purple and Spiny White and Spiny 3 Which of these changes in a DNA template causes an amino acid substitution in the protein in which Trp becomes Cys A B C D TAC TAT ACC ACA ACA ACT AGG TGG 4 In giraffes 2n 62 How many tetrads pairs of homologous chromosomes would we observe under the microscope if we examined a cell in metaphase of meiosis I A B C D 31 62 124 Impossible to determine 5 A mutation occurs in a somatic cell allowing it to proceed through an important checkpoint in the cell cycle Which of the following is a potential consequence of this mutation A B C D E Uncontrolled cell division A malignant tumor Cancer A benign tumor All of the above 6 In the recessive pedigree below is this a dominant or a disorder A Recessive B Dominant A B Use the second pedigree below to answer Questions 7 8 about this RARE recessive disorder Assume individuals marrying into the family are NOT carriers 7 What is the probability that B is a carrier A B C D E 0 1 2 1 4 1 8 1 8 What is the probability that if individuals A and B have a child they will have the genetic disorder represented in this pedigree F 0 G 1 2 H 1 4 I 1 12 J 1 8 A 9 Looking at the cell to the right this is a cell in and the diploid number for this cell is A B C D E B Metaphase of mitosis 5 Metaphase I of meiosis 20 Metaphase II of meiosis 10 Metaphase I of meiosis 5 None of the above 10 A molecular biologist is studying a gene at the level of the DNA that contains 30 adenine and 20 cytosine What else can he assume about this gene A B C D It contains 30 thymine and 20 guanine It contains 20 uracile and 30 guanine It contains 20 thymine and 30 guanine Its impossible to determine the percentage of each of the base pairs 11 True or False Skin color is like pea pod color in that it is an example of a trait that is determined by a single gene A True B False 12 Meiosis automatically produces diversity because occurs at random A the number of chromosomes each daughter cell receives B the number of cell divisions each daughter cell undergoes C which daughter cell receives maternal and which daughter cell receives paternal chromosomes D which of the four daughter cells receive a complete set of genetic material Use the picture below of cells in mitosis to answer Questions 13 14 NOTE each cell A D is in a different stage of mitosis D A B 13 Which cell is in metaphase of mitosis A B C D A B C D 14 Which cell is in anaphase of mitosis A B C D A B C D 15 In the lab scientists use a technique called PCR polymerase chain reaction to amplify replicate DNA If a scientist used PCR to replicate the double stranded molecule shown below which two new fragments would he get ATCCGAACCGCG TAGGCTTGGCGC A B C D GTCCGAACCGCG TAGGCTTGGCGC ATCCGAACCGCG TAGGCTTGGCGC CTCCGAACCGCG ATGCCTTGGCGC ATCCGAACCGCG ATGCCTTGGCGC 16 We would expect that an 18 nucleotide sequence ending with a stop codon would produce a polypeptide with amino acids A B C D E 3 4 5 6 18 17 Which of the following takes place during translation A The conversion of genetic information from the language of nucleic acids to the language of proteins B The conversion of genetic information from DNA nucleotides into RNA nucleotides C The conversion of genetic information from the language of proteins to the language of enzymes D DNA replication 18 A Colbertberry plant is diploid Each of its cells has twenty chromsomes 2n 20 A Colbertberry plant cell enters mitosis without S phase occurring in interphase Assuming mitosis completes the result would be A B C D Two daughter cells each with some part of the 20 chromosomes One big cell with 20 chromosomes One big cell with 40 chromosomes Two small daughter cells with half the amount of cytoplasm and organelles as normal In fruit flies very dark ebony body color is determined by the e allele The e allele produces normal honey colored bodies Heterozygotes for the two alleles have a marking called trident on their thorax but are otherwise honey colored The e allele is incompletely dominant 19 When female e e are crossed to males e e flies what is the probability that progeny will have the trident marking A B C D E 0 25 50 75 1 20 If flies with trident marking mate with one another and 300 progeny are obtained how many would you expect to have trident body A B C D E 75 150 200 300 None of the above