BIOL 101 1nd Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture I. Can Water Kill You?a. Case Studies II. Energy and Enzymes a. Functions of Enzymes Outline of Current Lecture Cellular RespirationI. The Oxidation-Reduction ReactionII. GlycolysisIII. Pyruvate OxidationIV. Citric Acid CycleV. Oxidative PhosphorylationCurrent LectureI. The oxidation-reduction reaction:A. Hydrogen atoms contain one _1 proton_ and one _1 electron_.B. ______oxidation____ is the loss of electrons whereas reduction is a gain of electrons. C. Why do oxidation and reduction always go together? When you give away electrons another molecule has to pick them up; electrons are transferred between molecules.D. C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + ATPThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1. In cellular respiration, __glucose_ loses hydrogen atoms. Therefore it is __oxidized_. 2. In cellular respiration, __oxygen__ gains hydrogen atoms. Therefore itis __reduced_. II. Glycolysis: occurs out in the cytoplasm A. Input: Glucose which is broken down into two pyruvate molecules (6 C molecule)NAD and ADP*Note: 2 ATP are required early in glycolysis to split glucose*B. Output: 2 pyruvate molecules (3 C molecule), ATP (2 molecules per glucose), NADH (the hydrogen atom came from the glucose)III. Pyruvate Oxidation: occurs in the mitochondriaA. Input: 2 pyruvate molecules and NAD (it is reduced to NADH)B. Output: NADH, one carbon atom leaves in the form of CO2 and acetyl coenzyme A isformed from the pyruvate. NO ATP IS PRODUCEDIV. Citric Acid Cycle: Occurs in the mitochondriaA. Input: actetyl coA and ADP and NAD and FAD – which are small organic molecules or coenzymes. Theyre reduced to NADH and FADHB. Output: NADH FADH we get 2 molecules of ATP; CO2 is released HOW MANY ATP HAVE BEEN PRODUCED SO FAR? ____4___V. Oxidative phosphorylation: where we make a lot of ATPC. Input: ADP, NADH, FADH, oxygen D. Output: A lot of ATP, water, NAD and FADWhat is the function of pumping all the protons into the intermediate membrane? You get a high concentration of protons that causes a flow to the other side which when they flow through the ATP synthase they produce
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