GEOG 1982 WORLD REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY Spring 2006Practice Exam #2TRUE OR FALSE: 2 points each.1. The World Bank is very flexible about its loan conditions, and encourages countries to develop alternative reform packages. 2. The geology of Sub-Saharan Africa is characterized by the predominance of sedimentary rock over most of the area. 3. Included in the World Bank structural adjustment reforms is less government involvement in the market and privatization. 4. The slide show on Australia & New Zealand featured camel racing.5. The primary feature about the concept of “sustainable development” is that it includes considerations about the environment. 6. The major mountain ranges of Africa are the prime determinant of climate there. 7. In developing countries, progress is being made in improving literacy and infant mortality rates. 8. The slide show on Eastern Europe featured the Berlin Wall. 9. “Liberals” believe that market imperfections & failures call for government intervention.10. Development (as measured by income per capita) is 60 times less in low-income countries than in the U.S.11. Neocolonialism refers to a new wave of political colonization by upstart countries like China and South Africa. 12. Dependency theory argues that colonizing countries made their colonies economicallydependent, and thus retard their progress.13. Currently, the major asset of the U.S. is its vast natural resources.14. In the U.S. between 1870 and 1920, capital and finance became national in scope.15. In the decades around WWII in the U.S., there was a proliferation of small companies. 16. Those employed as "symbolic analysts" should be creative and able to network and communicate.17. Less-developed countries tend to lack a middle class18. Many African countries became independent in the 1920s.19. A colonial economy includes dependence on the mother country for finished goods.20. A massive migration of African Americans from the South to northern cities occurred in the first half of the 20th century. 21.One characteristic of globalization is that corporations specialize in one product or service.22. "Latin America" is called that because everyone there speaks a Latin-based language.23. Part of structural adjustment is the establishment of "parastatals" 24. England was able to dominate many other countries because the English were natural leaders.25. Canada tries to limit the U.S.'s influence with regard to music, t.v., and films.MULTIPLE CHOICE: There is one and only one correct answer to these questions. 2points each.26. Major reasons for bringing Africans to Brazil included all of the following except the:a) plantation economy of Brazilb) small Amerindian population of Brazilc) established trade in slavesd) Africans had experience at sugar cane production27. Which of the following is not a characteristic of plantations:a) In the beginning they used indigenous laborb) they produce only one cropc) they produce for exportd) they tended to be located in highland areas28. An altiplano isa) a low area with small mountainsb) a plateau high in the Andesc) an agricultural area of Brazild) an especially hot chile pepper29. In general soils in the wetter parts of Africa:a) are most fertile in the Congo rain forestsb) are best near the equator and decline in quality as one goes north and southc) are leached and thus not very fertiled) are in the alluvial family30. The current pattern of settlement of the Brazilian north:a) has helped stem the tide of deforestationb) is based upon the expansion of the rubber industryc) results in the widespread establishment of low grade use.d) is attracting large numbers in search of gold.31. A maquiladora is:a) a foreign-owned factory in northern Mexico that assembles duty free goods b) a person of mixed white-Amerindian ancestryc) the owner of a haciendad) a new miracle crop being introduced into northern Mexico32. Which African country resisted colonization for most of its history?a) Ethiopiab) Zimbabwec) Ugandad) Rwanda33. The informal sector of the economy includes:a) government workersb) sellers of homemade goodsc) mass-produced industrial goodsd) all business in the central business district of the city34. In 1982, Argentine fought a war with Britain over the:a) Tierra del Fuegob) Falkland Islandsc) British withdrawal of trade concessionsd) Antarctica35. South African’s “Coloured” people:a) were exempt from the restrictions of apartheidb) are people of mixed African/white ancestryc) rank below blacks in national societyd) were driven out of the country in the 1950s36. Which of the following is not one of the legacies of European colonization of Africa?a) positioning of national boundariesb) the development of transport patternsc) the location of capitalsd) the development of democracies in most African states37. The Berlin Conference:a) in 1884 divided up most of Africa among the colonial powersb) launched Germany’s military campaigns in Africac) led to the British achievement of the Cape-to-Cairo axisd) led to a treaty about the Congo between the Portuguese, French and British38. In the old "first, second, and third" world system, the "second world" was:a) Colonized countriesb) Communist countriesc) Banana Republicsd) Those countries whose GNP fell within the second third of all countries39. Which is NOT a characteristic of developing countries?a) broad and varied natural resource base sustains the economyb) transport systems left over from colonial periodc) currency inflation is a problemd) labor force is largely agricultural40. The U.S.'s national highway system:a) began after WWII funded by the Dept. of Defenseb) was based on a prototype from Francec) was built primarily to move people out of the cities to the suburbs.d) began in the 30s funded by large corporations to move goods41. What was a strategy the U.S. used during the 1970s to deal with international competition?a) free tradeb) structural adjustmentc) anti-trustd) protectionism42. Which is NOT a criticism of the Green Revolution?a) the promised increased crop yields didn't materializeb) monocultures decrease agricultural biodiversity c) new crop varieties require chemicals which caused pollutiond) some farmers want to grow traditional crops which have not been improved yet.43. Which of these organisms was native to the New World and, through the Columbian Exchange, spread to the Old World?a) horsesb) bananasc) small poxd) cacao44. Humans are thought to have begun populating