1Southeast AsiaWednesday, May 28GEOG 1982Lecture Outline• Burma & Thailand• Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia• Island & Peninsular Southeast Asia– Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei• Indonesia• The Philippines2Burma & Thailand• Burma (Myanmar) –military regime, rural, poor population– 100,000 Burmese living in refugee camps in Thailand & Bangladesh– Teak, opium• Thailand – industrializing – “Tiger” of 1990s, – attracted MNCs3Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia• Mekong River• “French Indochina”• Communist -ish• Conflict, violent independence• Economic trouble in 1990s• Economic growth has resumedVietnam• Pop 81 million (Cambodia 12.6 million, Laos 5.6 million)• Vietnam War (aka “American War”) 1950s-1973– Resistance leaders in northern Vietnam– U.S. operated from the south– 4.5 million people died (including 58,000 from U.S.)• U.S. sanctions on Vietnam after the war4Cambodia• Spillover from Vietnam War (secret war carried out by H. Kissinger)• Mid-1970s – Khmer Rouge seized control – Violent revolutionary party– Subscribed to communist ideals – Wanted to destroy evidence of European influence; persecuted educated people (labor camps, execution)• 1979 Vietnam invaded & ran government until 1989, followed by a civil warMalaysia, Singapore, Brunei• Economically successful• Malaysia - capital: Kuala Lumpur– Malay (Muslim), Chinese (Buddhist)– Violent independence (1969)– Bumiputra– Wealth disparity• Singapore– 75% Chinese– Wealthy– Highly planned– State control5Indonesia• 17,000 islands; Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Sulawesi, West Papua New Guinea, Timor-Leste• Sukarno, Suharto• Deforestation (international logging companies)Strengthening Indonesian Democracy http://video.on.nytimes.com/?fr_story=FEEDROOM197164Philippines• Roman Catholic, Spanish speaking• Mount Pinatubo (1991)• Ferdinand Marcos dictator 1965-1986• Wealthy Chinese-Filipino
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