Midterm Exam study guideSee lecture slides for topics and terms from lecture.Terms from the book:Chapter 1climatedemographic transitionEuropean colonialismfree tradegeopoliticsgeopoliticsglobal economyglobal scaleglobalizationgrowth ratehuman geographyindustrial revolutioninformal economyInternational Monetary Fund (IMF)local scalematerial culturemultinational corporationnationnation-statenongovernmental organization (NGO)orographic rainfallphysical geographyplate tectonicsrain shadowrate of natural increase (growth rate)regionscaleservice sectorstructural adjustment policies (SAPs)tariffweatherWorld BankWorld Trade Organization (WTO)Chapter 2agribusinessaquiferchain migrationeconomic coreethnicitygovernment subsidiesmaquiladorasOgallala aquiferOrganization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)outsourcingpermeable national bordersQuébecoisRust Beltservice sectorurban sprawlChapter 3colonizing countrycontested spaceearly extractive phaseeconomic restructuringEl NiñoExport Processing Zones (EPZs)external debtsfavelasforeign direct investment (FDI)free-trade zonesimport substitution industrialization (ISI)income disparityinformal economymaquiladorasMercosurneocolonialismneoliberalismNorth American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)remittancesstructural adjustment programs (SAPs)Chapter 4cold wardevolutiondumpingeconomic integrationeconomies of scaleethnic cleansingeuroEuropean Economic Community (EEC)European Union (EU)genetically modified organisms (GMOs)guest workersiron curtainnationalismsubsidiesChapter 5autonomous regionsBolshevikscapitalistscommand economycommunismczarglasnostGroup of Eight (G8)internal republicsmarketizationoblastsoligarchsperestroikapermafrostSlavsUnion of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)Be able to identify the following on a map (from chapter 5):Ural Mountains, Black Sea, Caspian Sea, Aral Sea, Baltic Sea, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, St. Petersburg, Moscow, Vladavostok, GeorgiaSample Questions1. True or False: According to lecture, all regions are political projects.2. True or False: The first people who came to North America (during the last ice age) all came at the same time.3. The “Rust Belt” (also known as the old economic core) is located ________________.a. in the northeastern U.S. from Pennsylvania to Illinois, including southern Canadab. in the southeastern U.S. from Virginia to Tennesseec. in the southwestern U.S. from western Texas to southern Californiad. in the northwestern U.S. from Seattle, Washington to Missoula, Montana4. In Canada, what ethnic group is becoming assertively distinct from the rest of Canada?a. French Canadiansb. British Columbiansc. Salish peoplesd. Asian Canadians5. According to the text, which of the following is mentioned as a characteristic of most new immigrants to the United States?a. They commit crimes out of desperation.b. They tend to pay taxes.c. They use more public services than they pay for (through taxes).d. They are usually unemployed several months to years after arrival.6. Which of the following terms includes economic activity that does not pay taxes to the government?a. Informal economyb. Formal economyc. Duty-free economyd. Industrial economy7. Which of the following has the LEAST influence on climate for places in South America?a. Longitudeb. Latitudec. Elevationd. Ocean temperature8. Which of the following was NOT one of the motivations for adopting import substitution industrialization (ISI) as an economic policy?a. Response to neocolonialismb. Desire for national economic developmentc. Desire for increased traded. All of the above are motivations for adopting ISI9. True or False: The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) became the International Monetary Fund (IMF).10. According to lecture, which of the following is true about neoliberalism?a. It is always the best economic policy for every countryb. It usually raises middle class salariesc. Its goal is a more efficiently run governmentd. None of the above is true about neoliberalism11. Which of the following events occurred in 1945?a. The EU was established.b. The “iron curtain” fell to the Allied forces.c. Eastern Europe abandoned communism.d. Germany was partitioned into two separate states.12. The creation of the EU formalizes which of the following processes?a. Economic integration of Europeb. Rising self-sufficiency of European countriesc. Spread of European influence into northern Africad. The replacement of NATO by a similar European-led alliance13. Which of the following constitutes the major source of population growth in Europe?a. Increasing birth ratesb. Immigrationc. Rapidly falling death ratesd. Decreasing infant mortality14. What is the name for permanently frozen soil, such as that found in Siberia?a. Permafrostb. Eternacoldc. Glaciersd. Fjords 15. Which group of people arose from areas in Eastern Europe and formed powerful kingdomsin Russia?a. Mongolsb. Slavsc. Croatsd. Cossacks16. Which of the following is NOT one of the main efforts of Europe and the United States aimed at bringing Russia into closer formal association with established trading institutions?a. Inviting Russia to join the World Trade Organizationb. Inviting Russia to increase its participation in the meetings of the Group of Sevenc. Encouraging Russia to work toward conformity with European standards by admitting former Russian allies to the European Union (EU)d. Inviting Russia to join the EUKEY: (questions from the book indicate page number from which the question was drawn)1. True2. False3. a4. a [Pg. 56]5. b [Pg. 84]6. a [Pg. 139]7. a 8. c9. False10. c11. d [Pg. 189]12. a [Pg. 190]13. b [Pg. 193]14. a [Pg. 240]15. b [Pg. 241]16. d [Pg.