1East AsiaTuesday, May 27GEOG 1982Lecture Outline• Physical Geography, Population• History – China– Japan– Korea– Taiwan• Last 30 years in China• Three Gorges Dam24 “steps”: 1- Plateau of Tibet, 2- low mountains, plateaus, basins, 3- low mountains, hills, coastal plain4- continental shelf (mostly underwater + Hong Kong, Taiwan, Hainan)Major Rivers:Zhujiang (Pearl River)Chang JiangHuang He (Yellow R)Major Cities:Beijing, Shanghai (China),Taipei (Taiwan),Tokyo (Japan)China: 90% of population on 1/6 land area3History• Late 13thcentury: Hangzhou – city of 900,000• Opium Wars – 1839-1860– Britain won control of Hong Kong – Britain won trading accessChina and Japan• Sino-Japanese War – 1895– Japan beat China – Chinese government collapsed• Japan invaded China –1937, controlled China until end of WWII (1945) http://rokdrop.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/01/sino-japanesewar.jpg4Korea• Japan occupied Korea until WWII• 1950-1953 Korean War– USSR invaded Korea in 1945– U.S. proposed national division & controlled South Korea– 1950 North Korea (supported by USSR, & China) attacked South Korea • North Korea - military government, closed country http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/view/id/244 (6:30)5China and Taiwan• Chang Kai-shek & the Kuomintang (KMT) – Instituted Leninist (socialist) policy in 1924– Supported by urban upper and middle classes & by the U.S.• Chinese Communist Party (CCP) opposed KMT– Supported by farmers• 1949 – Mao Zedong & CCP took control – KMT fled to Formosa (now Taiwan)– KMT claimed to be a government-in-exileChina’s Communist Era• Centrally controlled command economy– Integrated outlying areas (northeast & west)– Invaded Tibet• Improved condition – Reallocation of land, wealth to farmers, landless– Better health, better education– Huge public works projects• Problems– Persecution, famines resulting from poor planning– Cultural Revolution (1966) • forced support of communist (Mao’s) party• persecution of intellectuals and other “dissenters”6China’s Last 30 Years-1978 Deng Xiaoping mixed communist (state-controlled) economy with neoliberaleconomic policy- 2001 China joined the WTOSEZs, ETDZsHukou system: residence registration system – now restricts people’s movements; “floating population” (p. 371)7• 1989 Tiananmen Square protests– 100,000 students & workers demanded more freedom of expression and government accountability– Government fired into crowd, killed hundreds, injured thousands• Olympics (8-8-08)• Earthquake http://video.on.nytimes.com/?fr_story=83f20f11c61457f10808ae1a56d4964642b462c5http://video.on.nytimes.com/?fr_story=7575b359fe779a0cb49e7b82986da3decbfc40b9Three Gorges Dam, China• Chang Jiang• Reservoir 370 miles long• 1.3 million people displaced– 13 major cities– 140 large towns– 100s of small
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