GEOGRAPHY 1982 MID-TERM EXAM #1 Name________________GEOGRAPHY 1982 MID-TERM EXAM #1 Name________________Student ID#_____________ Recitation Section #____MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or that answers the question.1) Which of the following is defined as a group of people often sharing common elements of a culture?A StateB NationC CountryD None of the above2) Soviet central planning saw nature as _________.A A dangerous forceB Not importantC A powerful allyD None of the above3) What was the foundation of Stalin’s industrialization drove?A Building of infrastructureB Installation of the Iron CurtainC Collectivization of AgricultureD None of the above4) Usually a/an ______ moves under a/an _________.A Continental plate / ocean plateB Ocean plate / continental plateC Neither of the above5) A(n) __________ allocates power to units of local government within a country.A Unitary stateB Anarchy stateC Federal stateD None of the above6) After an unsuccessful initiative program, the COMECON’s goal became ___________.A Mutual trade among the Soviet BlocB Economic self-sufficiencyC A move to Chinese CommunismD None of the above7) ____________ is a forward-looking view of the world that emphasized reason, scientific rationality, creativity, novelty, and progress.A SocialismB ModernityC EnlightenmentD None of the above8) Irredentism is based on the assertion by the government of a country that a ________ living _______ its borders belongs to it historically and culturally.A Minority population, outsideB Majority population, outsideC Minority population, insideD Majority population, inside9) The new mobility of money, labor, products, and ideas actually _________ the significance of place.A Has no effectB DecreasesC Increases10) One of the economic failure of the Soviet Union was not taking advantage of __________ technologiesA Green RevolutionB Steel makingC Computerized informationD None of the above11) Which of the following is defined as moving material to lower regions and depositing it?A ErosionB SedimentationC WeatheringD None of the above12) What is the single most dominant feature of the Nordic European landscape?A ForestsB GrasslandsC DesertsD None of the above13) Sovereignty is defined as the exercise of state power over people and territory recognized by ________.A Divisions within the state and codified by state law B Other states and codified by international lawC God and codified by His lawD None of the above14) The European seas provide a _________ effect in winter and a _________ effect in summer.A Cooling / coolingB Warming / warmingC Cooling / warmingD Warming / cooling15) Which of the following might be considered a region?A ProvincesB Large sections of a national stateC CountiesD All of the above16) The theory of island biogeography suggests that ________ will have more biodiversity than ________.A Rough islands / smooth islandsB Smaller islands / larger islandsC Larger islands / smaller islandsD No difference17) Most European cities that are important today had their origin as __________ settlements.A MuslimB RomanC GreekD None of the above18) The lack of what element makes the climatic pattern in the Russian Federation “simple?”A High sun in the dayB Multitude of mountain rangesC Influence of desertsD None of the above19) ____________ is the way that things spread through space and over time.A Spatial justiceB Spatial diffusionC Spatial interactionD None of the above20) Latitude is the angular distance of a point on the Earth’s surface, measured __________ from the equator (0 degrees).A North or southB East or westC North or eastD None of the above21) Globalization involves __________ the interconnectedness of different parts of the world through common processes of economic, environmental, political, and cultural change.A DecreasingB IncreasingC Sometimes increasing and other times decreasingD Neither increasing nor decreasing22) Core regions have relatively _________ per capita incomes.A HighB MediumC LowD Core regions do not record per capita incomes.23) Which of the following is defined as the domination over the world economy?A MercantilismB HegemonyC DiasporaD None of the above24) The social contract between people and the state promised that the state would provide housing, education, and health care if the people __________.A Were compliantB Served in the armyC Gave the state all profitsD None of the above25) Balkanization is ___________.A The division of a territory into smaller and often mutually dependant states.B The division of a territory into smaller and often mutually hostile states.C The combination of territories held together by an iron fist.D None of the aboveTRUE OR FALSE: 2 points each.26. The revolutions in Eastern Europe in 1989 were characterized by high levels of violence.27. Glasnost and perestroika were Russian terms that mean “censorship” and “central economic control”respectively.28. The ice cream vendor problem shows that there are times when regulation leads to a more favorable societal outcome than that achieved by free market forces.29. The slide show on Western Europe featured an extensive tour of the Vatican.30. The slide show on Western Europe featured a few places where “great parties of the world” were held.31. The US is the top country in the world in terms of arms sales, greenhouse gas emissions and adults per vehicle.32. The US is one of the top ten countries in the world in terms of foreign aid donations per capita, % of GNP saved, and low fertility rate33. The US ranks highly on most educational variables except for federal funding for education.34. An example of gerrymandering would be to put Boulder in the same voting district as Grand Junction(in the west of the state) to diminish Boulder’s Democrat-oriented influence. 35. Symbolic analysts, according to Robert Reich, are specialists in identifying problems, solving problems and brokering the match between identifiers and solvers.36. Human capital is different from physical capital because it has increasing returns versus diminishing returns to investment.37. The concept of lebensraum used by German geopoliticians argued that the Germans had sufficient land for agriculture to feed the German people.38. Redlining refers to the practice by the financial industry of spatially identifying poor neighborhoods that are most in need of help and making an effort to help them financially.39. In the