History 2112 1st EditionExam # 2 Study Guide Lectures: 14 – 26Lecture 14The U.S. joined Great Britain, France, and Germany as big powers. America became a colonizer in 1898, many people disagreed that America should try to control and wield power over other countries. The reason for colonizing is so you have more power, you can take the natural resources and the economic wealth from that region or country. Imperialism is the policy, the advocacy, or the practice of extending your nations power over another region or country. Oftenby direct territorial acquisition or in an indirect way, imperial power is done to take control of the politics, economy and sometimes the culture. For a while during 1880-1950 is the period in which England controlled a lot of the world through Imperialism. America was traditionally anti-imperialist because the citizens left Europe to form America because Europe was imperialist. America is showing an imperialist side because they are kicking the Indians off their land. The benefits of Imperialism is that the country in charge will take whatever natural resources they want to and then they will enforce the weaker country to buy all of their products. The country in charge is in control of politics and religion which gives them power and prestige. Social Darwinism has to do directly with Imperialism. When a country goes in to colonize a country thewhites believe that they are the light of the world and that they are going into those places and bringing light to the African Americans and other races. In the Spanish-American War the Spanish turn to ruthless tactics because they are losing. There are 2 key events the De Lome Letter and the Maine explosion. The Teller Amendment freed Cuba from Spain. The Platt Amendment states that Cuba is free but that the U.S. will handle their foreign policy. America continues to take more countries over through imperialism. Lesson 15During the Spanish American War there were Jingoist who wanted to prove their masculinity by fighting, they wanted political power. They also looked down on other races and thought they should show those races how to more like whites. The Jingoist are very open about market expansion and using other races for their benefit. They also don’t want others to give up on the American dream. World War I gives America more power. Colonial expansion is what leads to the war. All the nations that are fighting are industrialist’s colonists who are fighting over who controls the subjected will people that have a lot of resourcesLesson 16The Great War is the biggest war in human history. President Wilson comes up with the 14 points plan which sets up the League of Nations. During World War I the Germans and Immigrants were discriminated against. The progressive doubters wanted to help the unfortunate by assimilating them. The Isolationists and the Anti-Imperialists opposed the Spanish-American War they didn’t want to get entangled with foreign affairs. Labor protestors were antiwar. Due to there being antiwar activists the government passed the Enemy Act of 1917 which required all foreign newspapers to submit their paper to the censorship before it was published. There were 6,000 people allegedly charged for the Espionage Act of 1917 which imprisoned people as well as had fines up to $10,000. The Sedition Act of 1918 would punish anyone who was disloyal, used profane or abusive language towards the government, flag or the war. The act was repealed in 1920. The Red Scare was when letter bombs were mailed to 30 high ranking government officials. The government proceeded to go after radicals and deport them to Russia. The Palmer Raids arrested 10,000 people about 6,500 of those people were accidently arrested. Lesson 17During the 1920s a lot of women are stepping out more. There are new ideas coming out that contradict the traditionalists view. Also the economy is booming. There are improved standards of living. Farmers aren’t doing well due to the fact that the army doesn’t need to buy a bunch offood from them because the soldiers have all gone home. People are investing more in the stockmarket which isn’t a good idea because it can fall at any moment which it does and it leads to the great depression. Consumerism is when you want something in life but it is not necessary, such as an automobile. This is the decade in which celebrity culture was born. A lot of people had catalogues so they could sit at home and order things. Consumerism is what released the people from the dull things in life; it opened up an alluring avenue for the ability to travel whenever they wanted. All races agreed on consumerism. Consumerism was considered shallow materialism that conformed people. It created a loss of community. Some people argued that if women had more appliances to use at home than they wouldn’t go out as much. The single women were moving towards the workforce in great numbers. The flapper women were looked at as wild, free, and fun. The Fundamentalists don’t like modernism, they don’t likethe shallowness. Fundamentalists were extremely religious and it was a religious reaction against consumerism and modernism. The Old KKK stopped African American men from voting. But the new KKK is hatred towards the changing America the people who sympathized with the KKK were the ones who didn’t benefit from the prosperity of the 1920s. The new KKK is popular all over the country.Lesson 18In the 1920s there were over 5 million people in the Klan, it turned to extreme violence. Other people had to stand up to them to stop them from controlling everything. During the Harlem Renasence (great Migration) most people left the south and moved to more urban areas. Culture came out from behind the framework. African Americans felt more free to express themselves. During prohibition alcohol was the illegal. The progressives and the KKK supported prohibition. People started making their liquor, beer and having their own speakeasy in the basement of buildings. Lesson 19People are mad at President Hoover because he can’t stop the Great Depression. Hoover was a big supporter of the laissez-faire approach which was that the government shouldn’t get involved in the market; the market should be left to itself and the people. He also believed in voluntary cooperation, he never fired people he just let them quit which hurt the businesses. FDR comes in and is a hero to the people; it is a rebirth of the progressive
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