HIST 2112 1st Edition Lecture 2Outline of Last LectureI. Questions to Reflect overII. How the South wanted reconstructionIII. The Civil War was one of the worse warsIV. After Civil War problemsV. The Southern States were required to meet certain standardsVI. Lincoln’s thoughts on slaveryVII. Andrew Johnson’s planVIII. The fight between the North and the SouthIX. The problems with the SouthOutline of Current Lecture I. The Worldwide History of Slaverya. Slavery in Other Placesb. Four Unique Characteristics of Euro-American SlaveryII. Where Slavery First StartedIII. Slavery in the South – the “Keystone” of Southern Society and Culturea. Slavery was a Source of Economic Political Powerb. Slavery and Poor Whites – the “Social Floor”c. After the War: Recreating the Slave System Without Slavery IV. The End of Slavery and the Beginning of Freedoma. Searching for Familyb. Schools and Educationc. Establish Churchesd. Entering PoliticsV. The Problem of Making a Living – the Rise of Sharecroppinga. The Freedman’s Dream: Independent “Yeoman” Farming’b. White Plantation Owners – need cheap laborc. Solution – the Sharecropping SystemCurrent LectureI. The Worldwide History of Slaverya. Slavery in Other Places Slavery was in the bible, slavery has been all over the world If you were a slave in Ancient Greek – The reason the rich people were able to sit around writing stories is because they had slaves to do their dirty work. In this culture the slaves could buy their freedom. Being a slave was usually due to your circumstances and not your ethnicity. If you were captured in a war than you became a slave. Also just because the father is a slave does not mean his children are slaves just because of their parents. b. Four unique Characteristics of Euro-American Slavery Economic Institution & Political power - Cheap labor intended to produce profits for the slave owner Slaves are property under the law – The owner has the final say about what happens to the slaves just like a horse or a house Slavery in the American system was meant to be permanent & hereditary – born a slave, die a slave. There were some cases where slaves were freed by their owners. But some places in America said it was illegal for an owner to free his slave. Slavery in America becomes racially based. To be black it meant you were a slaveII. Where Slavery First Started Mainly in the Caribbean islands – you would mainly work with sugar Would be transported to different places across the ocean to be slaves, they would travel by boat and the slaves were all shoved in the bottom of the boat. It is so painful the slaves literally would wish for death. It was so cruel the British banned slavery The slaves that worked with sugar usually died within 3 years. The conditions were so tough they were literally worked to death. It was cheaper for the plantation owner to import another slave than to take better care of the slaves and to encourage family growth. America just reached down and tapped into the slavery routes and bought slaves Slavery dies out in the North due to the weather of the North. Crops just didn’t grow in the North. III. Slavery in the South – the “Keystone” of Southern Society and Culturea. Slavery was a Source of Economic Political Power Slaves mainly worked with tobaccob. Slaver and Poor Whites – the “Social Floor” Even poor white people liked slavery. 75% of white people don’t own slaves but they still supported slavery The white people were automatically better than all blacks. c. After the War: Recreating the Slave System Without Slavery There were around 400,000 slaves that were freed. They didn’t want slavery to be recreated They would usually leave the plantationsIV. The End of Slavery and the Beginning of Freedom a. Searching for Family As soon as all those slaves were freed they would go in search of their family. The plantation owners were in control of whether to keep a family together or separate When a parent did anything that the plantation owner didn’t like they would sell the children or even the wife. Numerous families were split apart. b. Schools and Education The blacks wanted the American Dream of 1865, they wanted to create a life for themselves, they wanted to control their own work life, education, and everything else The blacks were never taught to read because the plantation owners were afraid it would give the blacks dangerous ideas. A lack of education was a security blanket for the plantation owners. The plantation owners would say it was because the blacks weren’t smart enough to learn but it was really a security measure The blacks literally created their own schools The blacks got help from the Freedmen’s Bureau – such as food, and the most major thing was when white women would move down south to teach the black community school. Money from sympathetic Northerners helped form colleges for the blacksc. Establish Churches They wanted control of their spiritual life Christianity had been used by plantation owners as a form of control. The plantation owners would sometimes bring in preachers to talk to their slaves whowould give a sermon and tell them to accept there slavery and to look at their treasures in heaven that they were collecting by working as slaves During slavery it was not uncommon for some preachers to show them a different side of Christianity at night in the cabins, that other side showed them that slavery was wrong And that Christianity came out when the slaves were freed. The church was not just a place for spirituality but for politics and even community discussion. It was one of the few places that blacks controlled because they would start up their own churches and run it themselvesd. Entering Politics A lot of blacks running for political positionsV. The Problem of Making a Living – the Rise of Sharecroppinga. The Freedman’s Dream: Independent “Yeoman” Farming The freed slaves wanted their own farm, they wanted to be yeoman which meantthey were free and owned their own land Some of the Radical Republicans agreed that an important part of freedom was to give them land. So they wanted to split up the confederate elite plantations and divide the land up and give it to the slaves, however, that never happenedb. White Plantation Owners- need cheap labor The need for labor caused the plantation
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