HIST 2112 1st Edition Lecture 1Outline of Current Lecture I. Questions to Reflect overII. How the South wanted reconstructionIII. The Civil War was one of the worse warsIV. After Civil War problemsV. The Southern States were required to meet certain standardsVI. Lincoln’s thoughts on slaveryVII. Andrew Johnson’s planVIII. The fight between the North and the SouthIX. The problems with the SouthCurrent LectureI. Questions to reflect over Who gets to actually manage the reconstruction after the civil war? Who gets to be in charge? Should we just let southern states back in or do we need to make sure there are certain changes that happen before we let the states back into the Union. What about the slaves? The question of what happens when slaves are freed is a very delicate subject? Do we just show them the gate and tell them to have a good life, just give them nothing but freedom? Do we need to give those slaves more? What does America look like in 1865? How should the North treat the South? II. How the south wanted reconstruction Many former confederates want a quick and easy reconstruction, a reconstruction that will allow them to recreate a society that they lost as close as possible. They want a reconstruction of slavery by other means. In the North there are a small group of people that are dedicated to massive reorganization of the southern states so that slavery will never rise again.III. The Civil War was one of the worse wars. It was the sentimental moment in U.S. History, it tore our country apart. Three quarters of the white population carried arms in the war. Many freed slaves were involved as well. The numbers for the people involved is amazing. Around 755,000 people were killed in the war.IV. After Civil War problems Just because the war was over that doesn’t mean there weren’t issues and conflicts remaining. In the North the question was what do they do with the defeated south. Beginning of the reconstruction period really started before the war was over,because the states that were taken over in the middle of the war were already in need of reconstruction. There was a lot of malice towards Lincoln, presidential reconstruction. Presidential reconstruction was the gentle approach. Lincolns policy was Malice towards none and charity towards all. His reconstruction was aimed at healing and pity. V. The southern states were required to meet certain standards The southern states had to do the following to be let back in:o 10% of the voters had to sign a loyalty oath to vote. o Must rewrite their constitution. They had to renounce reconcession (apologizing for war and taking all the blame)VI. Lincoln’s thoughts on slavery Lincoln believed that when the slaves were freed they should be sent out of the country. He was a moderate. He did not believe in racial equality. VII. Andrew Johnson’s Plan Lincoln made Johnson the Vice President, so when Lincoln died Johnson became president Johnson decided to keep the same plan which was presidential reconstruction Johnson was a southerner but he was extremely racist He despised abolitionists Johnson decided that if you were a confederate officer or a rich person in the south then you had to get a written piece of paper at the white house. VIII. The fight between the North and the South after the war Southern states elect a number of officers out of the confederate army to go to D.C. and represent the southern states. Populations in the south started passing black codes which were laws aimed at black people to limit their freedom. Slavery may be over but the states were creating laws such as black people must be employed at all times, cannot vote, cannot travel without a permit, etc…o If it is illegal for a black person to travel around then they would have to stay on the plantation and work The southern states were trying to recreate slavery. There must be deep seated changes so that slavery does not come back. Radical republicans were the ones that believed that reconstruction must remake the south and the country so slavery doesn’t come back. The radical republicans passed the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments in an attempt to fix the problem. o 13th – No slaveryo 14th – Makes black people citizenso 15th – Gives black men the right to vote, if you give them the right to vote they will not vote for former confederate officers. They won’t vote for the people who put them in slavery They could even run for office which turned southern society on its head Andrew Johnson hated those 3 amendments. A group called the Freedmen’s bureau was created by radical republicans to help the former slaves. Once they were freed it was hard to get back on their feet. It was a government bureaucracy that was dedicated to helping former slaves. Johnson hated them and refused to fund them. The radicals attempted to get rid of Johnsono The radicals passed a law specifically to make Johnson mad so he would break it and then they would bust him for it The law stopped the president from firing anyone he wanted without approvalo Andrew Johnson didn’t like this one guy and wanted to fire Stanton, so he did and the republicans impeached him. IX. The Problems with the South The south is not uniformly confederateo In the hills there were people who were loyal to the North. White people in the mountains might not have liked black people but they did not like the plantation owners. There weren’t any plantations in the mountains. The south was divided Down in the south the rich people and plantation owners tried to recreate what they lost.o They have a problem The black people can vote They whites can’t pass laws saying that blacks can’t vote because the constitution says they cano The south uses violence and intimidation to stop black people from voting and exercising their rightso If black people can’t vote because they are too scared then the white people are back in control of the governmento If a white southerner was sympathetic towards the blacks they could get in trouble with the Ku Klux KlanX. The north fails to follow through with the reconstruction Panic of 1973 Economic collapse White people in the north are racist and they don’t care or have the political will to do anything more to help them besides freeing them Numerous court cases end up taking
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