Name: ______________________________ Student ID _______________Lab Exercise 3 - Ecology MoviesMovie One: Crash a Tale of Two SpeciesAs you view the program “Crash: A Tale of Two Species,” please take detailed and specific notes. When the program is over you will be expected to answer the following questions working in groups and based on those notes. Be as detailed as possible for full credit1. The program involves 2 different species. What are they and where are they predominantly found in the world? What are their specific biographical realms? Which ecosystem do they inhabit?2. The older of the 2 species has been around for how many years? They are mostly closely related to which other species?3. In the last 5 years, what percent of birds have disappeared? Why?4. What is the bird migration pattern? What is the approximate round trip distance? Which region does it choose as its mating grounds? 5. What is the main biomedical contribution of the crabs? What is the biomedical use of the crab’s blood? Why is their blood blue?6. How where intravenous (IV) drugs and vaccines tested before crabs were used?7. Why or why not is it better to use crabs to test IV drugs/vaccines instead of the older method? List advantages and disadvantages of both methods.8. How and why do these two species interact with each other? Is their relationship mutualistic, parasitic or competitive? Why?9. Where (location) do these 2 species come together? 10. What is so special and beneficial about the crab eggs? What does consuming these eggs help the birds do? Why do the birds need to do this?11. In the last decade, by what percent has the crab population decreased by?12. What has caused this decrease? Was this decrease due to natural or man made causes?13. Why are the crabs harvested (caught)? How many crabs were caught during the early 1990s during 1 year?14. At what age do the crabs reach maturity (are ready to mate and lay eggs)?15. How many eggs does a female crab lay? How many of those will survive to adulthood?16. How are the birds caught in the bay? What specific measurements do the scientists take?17. Crabs are used as bait for which 2 other animals? Why?18. What are 3 specific ways that scientists and environmentalists are doing to try to increase the number of crabs?19. The final stop of the birds migration is where? 20. The birds time their clutches to hatch at the same time as what?21. What might happen if the temperature begins to rise with respect to the above? Coulda temperature change affect the timing of hatching of the chicks and their food source?22. How many birds did the scientist count in the bay?23. What will the scientist have to do next?24. Do you think that global warming will increase or decrease the number of crabs and birds? Why?25. What do you think can be done to preserve both species? What can you personally do to help preserve these species?26. Does it matter if the birds or crabs go extinct? Why or why not? Should we care?Movie Two: A Mystery in Alaska1. What is the main problem and what is the specific organism that is being affected?2. Has this organism’s numbers been increasing or decreasing? By what percent has theirnumbers been changing by?3. What factors (natural or human) are possible contributors to the change in this organism’s numbers? List at least 5a.b.c.d.e.4. What is the main source of food for these mammals? List 3a. b.c.5. Which fishery was closed down in response to these mammals numbers?6. What part of Alaska is showing different effects on the numbers of mammals?7. What is the effect of having very strong water currents right off the coast of Alaska?8. What types of organisms increased in numbers?9. What percent of the total whale population has been killed in Alaska due to commercial whaling? How many were killed per year at the peak of the season?10. Why does an increase in copepods and phytoplankton cause a decrease in herring? 11. When scientist controlled the diets of the sea lions, what effects did they see when thesea lions were fed Pollock or herring fish?12. Was it surprising to learn that humpback whales were eating herring? Why, what is their normal diet? 13. How do humpback whales catch herring? How much did they catch per day?14. Are the numbers of humpback whales increasing or decreasing? How did the scientists distinguish between different whales to get a more accurate count?15. Are the whales in Alaska eating more phytoplankton or herring? How much more?16. After looking at fish catching patterns from the 1970s to the 1990s, what did the scientists see in their catches? What types of organisms were being caught?17. This shift in fish catches was attributed to what factor?18. Why are herring and sea lions abundant and not decreasing in numbers in south east Alaska?19. What other fish makes up part of the sea lion’s diet?20. How many of these fish make it back from the sea to spawn (mate)?21. How do these fish contribute to the ecosystem and forest when they die? Briefly explain the web of life (food chain) that these organisms depend on.22. How are the sea lions caught in south east Alaska? What information did it provide scientists with? Did it help explain where the sea lions from other parts of Alaska were?23. Where did the scientists find the herring schools and Pollock fish at night in the winter months? Which fish was accessible to the sea lions?24. What happen in 1989 in Prince William Sound? How did it affect the herring population? Why?25. What 3 factors are given for the change in numbers of herring?26. How are scientists counting the number of herring in Alaska? List 2 methodsa.b. 27. What other organisms besides the sea lions feed on herring? List at least 3a.b.c.28. How are they regulating the amount of herring that is fished in Alaska? What percentof the total fish were harvested? How many fish was that (number)?29. Where is the herring going? Why what happened to that country’s herring fishery?30. What was the correlation between the numbers of Pollock and herring and sea lions? Which increased? Which decreased? Why?31. When the government closed all the Pollock fisheries what happened to the number ofPollock and sea lions?32. Can we continue to take all the fish we want from the ocean without worrying about the consequences?32. Should we care if the sea lions disappear completely from Alaska?33. What will happen if we deplete all the natural resources