Biology 1 Lab Study Guide for Lab Exam #1Lab Exercise #1: Scientific Method and Metric ConversionsWhat are the steps to the scientific method? What is the importance of using the scientific method?Define: hypothesis, theory, principleWhat are variables? Independent, dependent, controlledEach student is expected to be able to set up an experiment, determine a hypothesis when given an observation and apply all the steps of the scientific method correctlyWhat are the metric standard units for length, volume, mass and temperature?Know the numerical value for the following prefixes: kilo, hecto, deka, no prefix, deci, centi, milli, micro, nanoBe able to measure length, volume, mass and temperature using lab equipment providedKnow the relationship between length, volume, mass fig.2-1Know the difference between a flask, graduated cylinder and a beaker.Know how to use a triple beam balance, a metric ruler and a thermometer.Be able to do metric conversions involving length, volume, mass and temperature57 micrometers= _____km 5 ng=____ g 50 C=_____ F999 ml=____cl 113 F= ____C 23 km= ___ mgMetric Conversion Problems1. 56 um = ______m u=micro, d=deci2. 325 kl = ______ml3. 15 kg = ______ng4. 99 cm = ______km5. 147 dl = ______ul6. 88 ng = ______g7. 45 C = ______F8. 5 F = ______CAnswers:1. .000056 = 5.6 x 10-52. 325,000,000 or 3.25 x 1083. 15, 000,000,000,000 = 1.5 x 10134. .00099 = 9.9 x 10-45. 14,700,000 = 1.47 x 1076. .000000088 = 8.8 x 10-87. 113 F 8. –15 CLab Exercise # 2A: MicroscopesWhat is the purpose of the microscope?Define magnification, resolving power and contrastWhat kind of a microscope do we use in this lab? What is the total magnification that can be achieved?Be able to identify and give the function of each of the following microscope components: oculars, nosepiece, objective, stage, arm, mechanical stage, control knobs for the mechanical stage (which moves the stage up and down vs. left to right?), fine and coarse adjustmens, lever for the iris diaphragm, iris diaphragm, condenser, illuminator, base, on/off switch, rheostat (dimmer)What does parfocal, parcentral mean?What is the numerical aperature and how is it related to the resolving power of the microscope?What is the field of view and how does it change as you switch to different objectives?What is the working distance? What is depth of field?How does the orientation of the image change when placed under the microscope?How is the amount of light regulated on the compound light microscope?What are the 2 basic units of length used for microscopy?Be able to determine the diameter of the field of view and how to estimate the size of the specimen when using the different objectivesWhat is the purpose of the dissecting scope? What are its parts?What are the differences and similarities between the light and dissecting scope?Know the differences between other types of microscopy that is used to view other objects, including Phase contrast, transmission electron and scanning electron. When would you use each type? What specimens would you view with the different types of microscopes, give at least 2 examples for each.Lab Exercise # 2B: BiogeographyWhat factors play a role in determining where a species is found? What it the same for all organisms? Did all organisms live in the same biogeographical realms? Why or why not? What factors impeded some species from moving into other habitats? If two alike ecosystems are available to a species why were they only found in 1 location and not both?Review your answers to the questions in this section. You should study each species and study why or why not they were only found in one location and not others. What physical factors determined their distribution such as nutrients, temperature, terrain, etc.Make sure to study which species where found on which contents.Lab Exercise #3: Ecology MoviesReview your answers from each of the movies viewed. There will be specific and very similar questions like those in this exercise. All answers to the questions will be discussed and corrected during the