HIST 112 1st Edition Lecture 2Reconstruction ContinuedOutline of Last Lecture I. Gettysburg AddressII. What is Freedom?III. The Slave PopulationIV. The WarV. Emancipation ProclamationOutline of Current Lecture I. Reconstruction AmendmentsII. “Freedom” in the Defeated SouthCurrent LectureKEY TERMS:- Gettysburg Address- Positive Liberty- Negative Liberty- Emancipation Proclamation- Freedmen- Reconstruction Amendments- 13th Amendment- 14th Amendment- 15th Amendment- Paternalism- Carpet Baggers- Free Wage Labor- “Free soil, free labor, free men”- Freedman’s BureauReconstruction Amendments- 13th Amendment: slavery is unconstitutional. What do these 4 million freed slaves want?These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Get lando Get educated (it was unclear how many slaves were educated)o Voteo Legally marry (was previously illegal but encouraged anyway for reproductive purposes)o Form churches and voluntary organizationso Change last name (common one was Freedman)o Geographical freedom- 14th Amendment: citizenship for blacks and equal protection under the law- 15th Amendment: cannot be denied right to vote based on skin color- Former slaves tended to focus on positive liberty“Freedom” in the Defeated South- In a way, this is the only time that Americans have to live with defeated and have unwanted systems imposed on them- Pre-Civil Waro North was industrializing, free wage labor (modern form of employment) was growingo South was not changing; thought of slavery as a necessary evilo Violent slave uprisings in Virginia in 1831o Tone shifts in South from “necessary evil” to “positive good”o See slavery as the best way to organize labor in the modern world, plus it westernizes and Christianizes slaveso Slavery is a God-ordained righto There were problems with free wage labor, especially in times of recession Average life span in cities like New York and Philadelphia were 27 Caused Southerners to fear radical ideas like socialismo Because slavery is capital it harmonizes master and worker- 20% of Southern males died in war- South suffered huge losses in property, livestock, institutions, etc.- Saw themselves as conquered by hostile forces with radical world view- Rights were provided to blacks, but because they weren’t given land, blacks could not prosper economically- Southerners focused on negative liberty: freedom from oppressive federal government- Carpet baggers were Northerners who came down (with their belongings, such as carpets) and were seen as trying to take advantage of the situation in the South- Scallowags were Southerners who were sympathetic to Republican
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