HIST 112 1st Edition Lecture 29Origins of the Cold WarOutline of Last Lecture I. Manhattan ProjectOutline of Current LectureI. End of World War IIII. The Cold WarCurrent LectureWWII- Killed up to 50 million people- About 20 million civilians killed1940- FDR ran for a 3rd term- He wins- Burns through vice presidents- Garner (VP)o “Wasn’t worth a warm bucket of piss”- Replaced by Henry Wallace → Too liberal1944- Want a better VP- Harry Truman- Senator from Missouri- Truman is not very involved in decision making- FDR is hard at work1945- Yalta Conference- Stalin, FDR, Churchill- Post war reorganization of Europe- Churchill wants free democratic elections- Stalin → Soviet sphere of influenceThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.FDR- Isn’t being pushy- Tense alliance → capitalism & communism- Highlighted Roosevelt’s failing health- Churchill’s physician says he only has a few months to live- Goes to Warm Springs, GeorgiaApril 12, 1945- FDR → cerebral hem ridge- DiesTruman- Eleanor Roosevelt tells him FDR died- Finds out about Manhattan Project- Wants people to pray for him- International diplomacyPotsdam Conference- July 1945- Truman, Churchill, Stalin- New British prime minister halfway through- Stalin only one remaining from Yalta- His army took over a lot of Eastern Europe- Communist government in Poland- Soviets don’t care- War crimes trial for the leaders of Nazi Germany- Germany divided into various zones- East & West Germany- Signals a change in Europe- Division between capitalism & communismIron CurtainTruman- Committed internationalist- Fiercely opposed to communism- Policy of containment- Hault the spread of communism- Not engage them militarily- Request 400,000 in aidTruman Doctrine- Policy of containment through financial supportMarshall Plan- 1947 → George Marshall- 13 billion dollars to Western Europe- Money offered to the Soviet UnionUS- Doling out a lot of money- CrisisBerlin Blockade- Different spheres of influence1948- Soviets restricting passenger military traffic of the eastern zone- Western powers are told this- Want the entire city- Military engagement is too risky- Airlift supplies in- British & American planes- American children are sending candy- Over 6,000 pounds of candy- Raisin bombers- Humiliating defeat for the SovietsCold War- US involvement in the Korean War- 38th parallel- North Korea & South Korea- Both governments claim to rule all of KoreaSoviets- Help North KoreaUN resolution- Tokened military forces from other countriesChina- Big threatDouglas McArthur- General in charge of US forcesOctober 1950- Advances were back to 38th parallelTruman- Doesn’t want war with Russia or China- Writing letters to other politicians- Visions of returning to America, beating Truman (McArthur)2 Koreas- Basically stabilizedRed Scare- Communist enemies are all around themEarly on- Efforts led by House of Representatives- Look for spies under the Soviet Union- Hollywood → communism- Blacklisted in Hollywood (screenwriters & directors)- Hollywood 10Alger Hiss- Worked in the state department- Chambers says this- Hid them in a hollowed out pumpkinHouse un-American activities committee- Pumpkin papersRichard Nixon- Fixing against communismJoseph McCarthyMcCarthyism- Accusing people without real
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