HIST 112 1st Edition Lecture 27World War II - Part 1Outline of Last Lecture I. Leading up to the WarII. Italian FascismIII. German NazismOutline of Current LectureI. Pearl Harbor and American involvementII. BattlesIII. Atomic bombingsCurrent LectureKey Terms:- Lebensraum (living space)- Rome-Berlin Axis- Anschluss (joining)- Douglas MacArthur- Pearl Harbor- D-Day- Manhattan Project- Rosie the Riveter- Double V campaign- Casablanca- War Relocation Camps1940- Primary concern for the US: Japanese- Roosevelt warned the JapaneseJapanese- Attack people in Indo-China- Negotiations are on-goingRaid on Pearl Harbor- Possible- Thought most likely in the PhilippinesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.November 26, 1941- More into Hawaiian watersDecember 7, 1941- 7:48 a.m.- “Air raid Pearl Harbor. This not a drill”- Two waves- 25,000 service men died- 200 aircraf- 5 US battleships- Major attack on American soil- Huge psychological impact- Demoralize the United States, they would negotiate a peace- US didn’t want to negotiate- Serious miscalculation- Officially at war with Japan- Germany declares war on the USUS involvement- Early 1942: 2 front war- Europe & the PacificJune 6, 1944- D Day- Allied forces invaded northern France to push back the Germans- Led by Dwight Eisenhower- 130,000 soldiers- Allied powers liberated Paris from the NazisEarly 1945- Allied troops pushing into Germany from West & EastGermans- Surrender on May 7, 1945Japanese- Still fighting- Need to destroy will of the Japanese people- Fire bombing mission: Japan 1945- Fire bombs every 4-6 days- Tokyo: 16,000 tons of incendiary bombs- 25,000 bombsHiroshima & Nagasaki- Kills thousands- Atomic bombFDR- Dies in office- Truman becomes presidentApril 1945- Truman finds out about the Manhattan project- Team of physicists → New Mexico → learn about the atomic bomb- Completed that summer- First test is called trinity → July 1945- Don’t drop the bombs on human beings- Truman consults with general and scientists12,000 Americans die- Battle of Okinawa- 66,000 Japanese combatants killed- A lot of civilians tooInvade main land of Japan- Estimated death for Americans ½ millionFire bombing of Japanese cities- Would have to continueDropping the atomic bombs- Best alternative for the Japanese- Decision was made to drop the bombs- One on Hiroshima & one on NagasakiWar- Changes the home front- 15 million American men & women join armed services- Selective service drafs, 1.4 million Americans- Gives expanded powers to the president- War production board- Led the efforts for rationing- Gasoline, rubber, oil, metalFDR- Sets production goals for himself- Out produce your enemies- Incredibly ambitious goals- US builds 60,000 airplanes (1942)- 1943: doubles that number- Individual citizens → called to conserve & re-use Americans- Begin buying war bonds- War production → creates a lot of jobs- Helps the economy- Offers great opportunities for women to join work force- 40% of the aircraf workers are women- Women are directly involved in fighting- Rosie the Riveter- Double “V” Campaign- Tide begins to turn racially- 1941 → FDR → (Federal Employment decision)- Can’t enforce anything- Helps black Americans get jobs- US government says they’ll stop buying stuff from the stores that won’t hire them- 1 million black Americans serve in WWII- Blacks units really impressing people- African Americans → support “Double V” campaigno Defeat enemies & racism at home- Segregation is wrong1948- Truman: says no more segregation in the US militaryPropaganda- Big part of the war- “Casablanca” → defeat the Nazi’s- Hollywood makes movies about Russia1942- Dark side of the war on the home front- Internment camps → Japanese forced to live there- Not just fighting against the Japanese- Have to sell their homes & businesses- Apologizes to Japanese → reparationsWar- Leaves 2 major power in Soviet Union- Capitalism: US, Communism:
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