BIOL 101 1nd Edition Lecture 32 Outline of Last Lecture I Case Study II Future Heart Attack III Wake up Call IV Pumping Pressure Health Outline of Current Lecture I Innate Immune Response a External Barriers b Internal Barriers II Inflammatory Response III Adaptive Immunity s Two Arms IV Antibody mediated Response Current Lecture HUMAN IMMUNITY Class Discussion There are 3 lines of defense with your immunity capacity to resist and combat infection I Innate Immune Responses provide protection and are active upon infection regardless of whether or not the pathogen has been encountered in the past A External barriers to pathogens 1 Skin These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute 2 Mucus Membranes 3 Hair B Internal barriers 1 Macrophages big eaters patrol the body and engulf bacteria and viruses when they encounter them 2 Natural Killer Cells NK release chemical signals that kill infected cells 3 Interferons proteins made and secreted by an infected cell to neighboring cells to limit cell to cell spread of viruses II Inflammatory response Red blood cells the yellow is a white blood cell the purple dots are histamine the white blood cells could be neutrophils first responders eventually eaten by macrophages or macrophages you can see the skin swelling What happens if innate defenses don t clear an infection The Adaptive Immune Response is activated III Adaptive Immunity s Two Arms Humoral Immune Response They produce antibodies Cell mediated immune response Poke holes in cells to lysis them Intracellular pathogens A Antigen any molecule that elicits an immune response Examples of antigens pollen molecules on the surface of viruses or bacteria B antibody protein found in plasma that attaches to one SPECIFIC antigen to counter its effects Anitbodies are in purple antibodies tag antigens and clump them together making it easier for macrophages to eat them IV Antibody mediated Adaptive Response 2 the orange diamonds are antigens that are binding with the antibody antigen receptor 3 the cells become activated and begin to divide into two populations plasma effector cells and memory cells The plasma cells have a lot of rough ER because they are making a lot of antibodies
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