American History Notes Virginia about 55 000 Spanish Florida about 5 000 Missions were not purely religious entities Who lives in the missions Spanish friars Spanish soldiers Spanish artisans and merchants local Apalachee natives Why did Apalachees begin living there Spanish trade goods What is the consequence of Timucua and Apalachee use of spanish trade goods Timucua abandon traditional arts and become more reliant on European trade goods More natives demand Spanish goods prices go up October 27 Impact of Colonialism on Native Peoples of North America 150 years of historical change Timucua in North Florida By 1765 no Timucua left in Florida Why start with economic change What happens to Timucua happens to pretty much all natives east of the Mississippi River Introduction of Spanish trade goods metal goods shots flints buckles knives etc glass bottles for wine and oil Cycle of Dependence native people come to depend on European trade goods Price of goods goes up 1 Natives have to devote more time on the production of things European traders want e g furs animal hides 2 Less time is spend on native food way means increasing dependence on Spanish food as well as less essential trade goods 3 Natives increasingly indebted to Spanish traders How do natives deal with their debt They begin to sell something else their labor They sell their labor to the Spanish as a means of paying for the food and other goods they ve come to depend on they become slaves Consequences 1 Native population increasingly concentrated around missions chief source of economic activity 2 Natives increasingly dependent on missions for survival security etc Epidemics missions along North Florida s camino real AMH2010 Disease vector from St Augustine west the more natives concentrated along the missions road the more vulnerable 1659 10 000 Timucua fall to a measles epidemic War concentrations of natives Origins of military threat founding of the Carolina Colony 1663 Is Florida s economy dependent on African slavery Who does all the work in Florida Cimarrones decades of fleeing African slaves Slaves from Carolina flee to Florida what do the English do Arm Indian allies Chichimicos upper Creeks Apalachicolas Retaliatory raids attack missions and Timucua settlements enslave surviving Timucua for sale in Indian slave trade 1703 1704 English soldiers and their Indian allies attack Spanish and Indian settlements in North Florida Another similar assault in 1715 Historians estimate that more Native American slaves were exported from Charleston in 1670 1715 then African American slaves were imported 1717 Spanish authorities report total of 250 Timucua all crowded into a refugee camp outside St Augustine AMH2010 October 29 Worst years of Timucua decline 1660 s 1710 s corresponds with what economic development in the English Colonies Growth of African slavery in North America Native people also become potential targets for slavery Carolina colony is not the only slave exporting colony 1763 Treaty of Paris brings French and Indian War in Europe the Seven Years War to an end Spain is forced to cede Florida to Great Britain St Augustine is evacuated mostly to Cuba 59 people end of Timucua in North America Is the Timucua story typical Native populations up and down East North America entangled in cycle of dependence English settlement grows they become the British The continent erupts French and Indian War 1754 1763 1763 taxing AMH2010 November 3 The origins of the U S from colonies to nation 1754 1863 Peace of Paris 1763 Pontiac s Rebellion 1763 Stamp Tax 1765 Britain is in debt stamps everything July 4 1776 Declaration of Independence is signed Who wrote it a committee chair was Thomas Jefferson Virginian Earliest advocates of independence Samuel Adams John Adams Bostonians distance cousins Constitution 1789 how the government works what is can and cannot do not the first constitution but second first was the Articles of Confederation written in 1777 not ratified by all 13 colonies until 1781 Why did it take 4 years for Americans to accept their first constitution Article 3 of the Articles of Confederation League of friendship among several independent states purely for military purpose independence One people doesn t sound like one people Really a defensive alliance among sovereign states King doesn t tolerate this sends military forces AMH2010 November 5 Who s in charge now One people Article 3 of the Articles of Confederation 1st constitution What happened starting in 1776 2 traits of nationhood independence unity Independent depends what you mean by independence Revolutionary settlement of 1783 U S is a dangerous neighborhood before and after the revolution Revolution did not make the U S entirely secure and independent United Thomas Jefferson Articles of Confederation Article 3 states enter into a firm league of friendship to form a military for security of liberties and mutual general welfare Continental Congress name of the government under the articles Any other counties that have a congress not really Congress represents sovereign independent states Congress is a body of people who represent independent nations What did the American Revolution do independence unity Constitution 1789 shifted power to the people Who is ordaining this constitution We the people AMH2010 Who ordained the Articles of Confederation we the undersigned Delegates of the States Who has the power Articles of Confederation each states retains its sovereignty freedom and independence Ultimate authority used to be a king now it s The United States The United States exercises sovereignty done with colonies AMH2010 November 10 What did the American Revolution do Independence Unity Independent did the revolution allow the former colonies to achieve independence depends what we mean by independence take international relations United Articles of Confederation 1777 the United States and their delegates united The Constitution of the United States 1789 the people and the United States united A closer look at the second Constitution of the United States is it a nation building instrument The Great Divide Delegates from 12 states meet in Philadelphia Rhode Island boycotts because they liked the way things were Delegates go to Philadelphia to fix the Articles of Confederation Articles were flawed causing problems e g no power to tax The single most important question framers of the Constitution faced Representation Why is it a problem The question of
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