Name Nicole MacMillan 1 Define History Why is it classified as both a Humanities and a Social Science See the online article in Learning Modules History is humankind s recorded past History can be classified as both a humanities and a social science because history offers insight into human attitudes beliefs and behaviors which classifies it under humanities but history also uses the scientific method to predict events and respond better to repeated events which classifies it under social sciences 2 Who were the true first Americans Where did they come from When did they arrive here See the online article in Learning Modules The first Americans originally came to North America from Asia around 40 000 years ago They crossed a large land bridge called Beringia that connected Siberia to Alaska allowing people to walk between the two continents of Asia and North America The First Americans to come to North America were nomadic so there reason in crossing Beringia was most likely to follow the animals which was there source of food 3 What s the origin of the term Beringia To what area does it refer See the online article in Learning Modules The land bridge Beringia was named after the 18th century Russian explorer Vitus Bering Bering was known for exploring the North Pacific Ocean In the 1920 s and 30 s geographers and scientists began calling the land bridge Beringia after Bering 4 What are Cahokia Chaco Canyon and Acoma See the online article in Learning Modules Cahokia Chaco Canyon and Acoma are all early sedentary societies in North America Cahokia or Mound Builders lived in the Mississippi valley area of Wisconsin The Chaco Canyon or Anasazi inhabited northern New Mexico The Acoma lived in what was known as Sky City in New Mexico Their architecture was mainly pueblos which is what they lived in 5 Where was the slave coast of Africa About how many slaves arrived in the Americas between 1500 and 1870 About what percentage died in the middle passage The slave coast of Africa was located on the western shore including the some of the Gold Coast It is estimated that more than 9 5 million Africans arrived in the new world to work as slaves 10 to 20 percent of Africans that were traded didn t even survive the voyage to the new world 6 Define the Protestant Reformation How did it play a role in the colonization of North America The Protestant Reformation was started by Martin Luther who wrote the Ninety five Thesis a list of reasons why the Catholic Church was corrupt This movement promoted the separation from pope and salvation without the rules and regulations of the Roman Catholic Church This played a huge role in the colonization of North America Many people migrated from Europe seeking religious freedom and this included the Protestants By migrating they became separated from the pope and were able to practice their religion in their new lives 7 What was the Treaty of Tordesillas What nations agreed to it Why The Treaty of Tordesillas was between Spain and Portugal after the founding of the New World It was signed in 1494 and stated that Spain could colonize anything west of the Atlantic and Portugal could colonize anything east of the Atlantic The reason behind the treaty was the rivalry that Portugal and Spain had to be a more vast and powerful empire than the other 8 How did Hernando Cort s conquer the Aztec Empire Why was it so important to Spain Hernando Cortes landed in present day Mexico in 1519 where the Aztecs were settled Most people believe Cortes victory over the Aztecs was due to the advanced technology that Spain had but there were other large factors involved Cortes used warhorses and attack dogs as scare tactics and it worked due to the fact that the Aztecs had never been exposed to those animals The Spaniards also had a war philosophy that emphasized hard strikes which the Aztecs saw war as ceremonial Diseases of course also had an effect on the outcome of the war It was important to Spain to overthrow the Aztecs because they were obsessed with the idea of making a large and powerful Empire and they wanted as much land under the crown as possible 9 Why was the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 important for the future of the Americas In the 1500 s the Spanish Armada was seen as invincible but when Phillip of Spain decided to destroy England everything changed Spain had huge warships but Britain had small maneuverable ships led by skilled captains resulting in the defeat of the Spanish Armada This opened up the New World to the rest of Europe which was basically controlled by Spain beforehand Without the British defeat of Spain the United States may have never been colonized by the British 10 How can we contrast the roles of Don Juan de O ate and the native leader Pop in the Southwest in the period 1598 1693 Don Juan de Onate was a vicious conquistador that explored into Rio Grande New Mexico which was the home of the Pueblos They resisted the Spanish control but Onate overthrew them in a matter of three days then he executed 800 of them and used the survivors as slaves All men slaves over the age of 25 had there right leg chopped off so they wouldn t run away from their owners Spain was disgusted by this and took Onate from exploration and put the pueblos under protection Pope led the Pueblo Revolt which united the tribes of New Mexico in order to fight back against the Spanish crown The Pueblos feared Pope and did whatever he asked because they believed he conversed with the devil Pope and the Pueblos killed four hundred Spaniards and reclaimed New Mexico 11 In what ways did Nathaniel Bacon represent the experiences of many British colonists in North America Nathanial Bacon led the backcountry farmers in a rebellion against the government because they were being treated unfairly The government refused to take care of the invading Indians and the taxation on their crops was hurting their profits Bacon stood up for the farmers and led them to do something they never could have accomplished without him Bacon was basically the voice of the people and the figure that represented their struggles even though he was an elite colonist 12 What turmoil and tensions in England contributed to the interest in migrating to the colonies At the time of the colonization of the New World England was experiencing many tensions that induced migration to the New World There were many movements trying to reform and purify the church such as the Protestants Quakers and Puritans The
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