BIOL 101 1nd Edition Lecture 30 Outline of Last Lecture I GMOs II Adverse Effects III Education of GMOs Outline of Current Lecture I Case Study II Components of Human Cardiovascular System a Arteries b Capillaries c Veins III Human Heart and Blood Flow Current Lecture Class Discussion Circulation I Case Study Wake up Call Denise was having a hard time focusing after waking up short of breath in the middle of the night to her heart racing Maybe the stress of her job was finally catching up with her Managing a catering business was no easy task On top of that her only daughter Emily had left for college this fall and being the overprotective parent that she was Denise found herself constantly worrying about how her daughter was faring in a different city away from the comforts of home Also Denise was starting to go through the early stages of menopause The hormonal changes combined with fatigue stress and her general worrisome nature were catching up to her Not only that she couldn t get last night s scary episode out of her thoughts Was it just part of the whole perimenopause thing or was it more Her body was trying to tell her something but Denise wasn t sure she was ready to hear These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute I wonder if Denise realizes how all those years of second hand smoke have taken a toll on her lungs and on ME her heart All that tobacco inhalation has constricted her coronary arteries Sure Denise tries to stay physically active but genetics and her food choices have brought her blood cholesterol up pretty high to 245 mg dl She could be headed for heart disease A person s total cholesterol level shouldn t get above 200 mg dl That s right I ought to know Denise has HIGH cholesterol a major contributor to heart disease Geesh Get with it Denise That was a major warning last night I m oxygen starved Luckily only a small area of my left ventricle had a big decrease in blood flow and oxygen supply cardiac ischemia Thank goodness If nothing else happens my body will start growing some new collateral vessels bypass channels and I can get some repair work done Denise didn t experience chest pain angina pectoris But her rapid heart beat and shortness of breath sure got her attention She had better shape up because I don t know if I can handle much more oxygen deprivation And hey all this unstable plaque lurking around is not a good sign either No indeed Who knows when it may rupture I don t like the looks of this at all Denise has constricted coronary arteries from all the tobacco smoke that she inhaled over the years What are arteries What are coronary arteries and how could constriction lead to a heart attack II Components of Human Cardiovascular System A Arteries branch into arterioles which ultimately give rise to capillaries 1 Flow a Direction carry blood away from the heart b Speed the speed is high 2 Pressure high 3 Distinctive features epithelial tissue smooth muscle connective tissue thick walls provides strength and support 4 Types of arteries in and around the heart pulmonary artery carries oxygen poor blood out into the body Coronary artery branch off of the aorta and deliver O2 to the heart muscle Aorta largest blood vessel in the body B Capillaries 1 Flow a Connect arteries and veins not all capillaries have blood at any one timecontrolled by sphincter b Speed in capillaries slowly which allows for more nutrient absorption 2 Pressure low 3 Distinctive Features thin walls single layer of cells narrow in diameter 4 Main function of capillaries Deliver O2 and nutrients to tissues remove waste CO2 C Veins Venules 1 Flow a Direction carry blood to the heart b Speed slow 2 Pressure low 3 Distinctive features thicker walls with connective tissue with smooth muscle valve Let s draw a plot of pressure and then plot the speed of flow velocity through the vessels of the systemic circuit III Human heart and blood flow
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