medicalization Conrad syndrome non medical problems become defined and treated as illness disorder disease ADHD stats 11 of 14 17 yr olds diagnosed 66 receive medicine boys are 2 3x more likely to be diagnosed attention deficit hyperactivity disorder has to do w socialization self control ADHD definition behaviors Rafalovich names diagnosis of ADHS keeps changing all terms used to describe childhood deviance and an increasing drive to medicalize unconventional childhood behavior direct to consumer marketing pharmaceutical co s Conrad before there were drugs these conditions didn t exist medicalization agent of social control medicalization is now more driven by commercial and market interests that by professional claimsmakers off label use of drugs prescribing medications unapproved by FDA indication using drugs to treat things they aren t necessarily made for me too drugs when they barely change chemical structure of a drug market it differently DSM I had about 100 diagnoses DSM IV has about 300 FAS fetal alcohol syndrome if identified early some may choose not to have baby Fibromyalgia disease that lay people are fighting to legitimize read article PMDD pre menstrual dysphoric disorder medicalized by pharmaceutical companies erectile dysfunction many argue that the pharmaceutical companies have created and marketed diseases that is medicalized mostly normal variation in human experience into pathology in order to sell the treatment What Viagra did was make erectile dysfunction something considered normal as you get older into a problem because the medical solution was created Mental illness Horwitz Inside the Battle to Define Mental Illness Depression and Unhappiness Dworkin distress unhappiness are considered pathological emotions we have recently medicalized need to differentiate depression and unhappiness if someone is stressed because of one event that does not mean they are depressed DSM and the dimensional approach slide 24 Frontiers of Medicalization slide 29 racism as a mental illness abnormal behavior based on fear genetics Evans Brave New World slide 29 Peter Conrad pathologicalization of everything 1 Define medicalization a What does it mean that medicalization is more concerned with the viability of the designation rather than the validity of the diagnosis sociology isn t concerned w whether or not it is a real condition ex viagra rather more considered w what diagnosis means what are the ramifications 2 Who are the major claimsmakers of medicalization pharmaceutical companies do it for the money physicians do it for the morality of helping people and lay advocates for the validity of their claims ex of lay org ADDA for adults with ADHD a How have erectile dysfunction menstruation and what we call ADHD been medicalized erectile dysfunction pharmaceuticals Viagra solution created before problem menstruation lay advocates females ADHD 3 How does the DSM make diagnoses a How does the DSM create the line between normality and abnormality in behaviors psychic states or human conditions DSM has parameters need to have certain symptoms to be diagnosed if you have none or don t have enough then you re normal if you fit diagnosis then you re abnormal can be good and bad ex unhappiness vs depression b How do sociologists suggest that disorder could also be understood as distress distress unhappiness are considered pathological emotions we have recently medicalized need to differentiate depression and unhappiness Dworkan Horwitz prob w DSM s definition slide 22 23 of mental disorder is that criteria set for disorders contradicts own definitions leaves things open for different diagnoses symptoms out of context could just be natural reactions in life ex stress during finals when patients self diagnose doctors are more likely to give placebos 4 What is the role of genetics in current issues of medicalization medicalizations tries to look at biological medical framework if you re abnormality is genetic you can never get rid of it ex once you re schizophrenic you re an schizophrenic for the rest of your life because it s a disease and can be passed down to others a Connect your ideas to the article Brave New World 5 Do you agree that we are moving towards the pathologization of everything When we pathologize something we re medicalizing it life processes are now being pathologized ex erectile dysfunction PMDD are now being seen through a medical framework behaviors that are deviating from the norm ex hyperactive children are diagnosed with ADHD
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