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Introduction to SociologySOCI201Module 2- Socialization and Stratification-Chapters 4,8, 10 and 11-Socialization--Taking uniqueness out and creating a generalityIs this pink/orange flower masculine or feminine?-Feminine- flowers are feminine and pink represents “girlyness”-How do we “know” two guys peeing next to each other is wrong—weird unwritten etiquette ruleSocialization-How do you “know” how to act/say at a funeral, at a wedding?-How do you “know” how to act/say when you see a friend crying?-Why do you believe in the things you believe in? -Religious beliefs, societal beliefs-where did they come from? How did we learn these things?Socialization: a process in which we learn and internalize the attitudes, values, beliefs, and norms of our culture and develop a sense of self within that cultureDeveloping a sense of self through these thingsCulture: the learned set of values, beliefs, norms (expectations for behavior), and material objects shared by a group of peopleWestern and Eastern cultures- different valuesDifferent norms in North and South of the US, same with East and West coastDifferent norms, expectations in different types of classes (have their own culture)Values: culturally determined standards of what is good and bad, right and wrong, desirable and undesirable (serve as guidelines for how we should live and what we believe-what is morally accepted?)Social Norms: expectations and rules by which a society guides the behavior of its members (often defined within the social role)Student, son/daughter, brother/sister, parents, workers=social roles and these have different norms within these rolesBeing a daughter is different than being a friend-different valuesSocialization- being impacted by these social norms and belief structures—robot being impacted-impacts attitudes and behaviorsIn US: women perform (on average) 75% of the houseworkMen perform about 20%Which is actually double from a generation agoWHY??-Women might work less----Why is this expected? Why does it exist? Why is this a gender norm?Mothers overall spend about 3 times more time with their children in face-to-face interaction than do fathersWHY?? Caring/nurturing=women—biological issue? Women give birth-biological genetic connection between mothers and children and this connection enhances the desire for interaction~Choices men and women make- or HAVE TO make- in terms of work are part of the reason for this caseREMEMBER: choices/behaviors can be limited, barriers to opportunityExample: maternity leavePediatrics, family practices=women because they are more emotional and caring and nurturingSurgery=men~But: other factor is that many women and men believe that women are “naturally” better at taking care of children and the homeIs this REAL or just what we have been led to believe?Are women really “better” at taking care of children and housework?-Are women really better at taking care of children and doing the housework? -No—no biological evidence!~Office Space: Not going to work-He’s not going to go to work anymore—not quitting, but just not going anymore—break social norm  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ArVEXmzX5I8Matrix: Explanation of the Matrix- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=frxvwSrertY-What we are supposed to believe, the world around us we think is “real” but there is a deeper understanding of what is actually happening to us-Society is all around us-can always see it and feel it at work, church, paying taxes- world that has been pulled over our eyes to blind us from the truth (we are slaves)-prison for our mindsConflict Theorists argue that most powerful means of social control is convincing people that way society is organize is “the way it should be”“Teaching/convincing” – just the way it isWhat we are supposed to believeRobots- just supposed to believe“The greatest trick the devil ever pulled was convincing the world he didn’t exist”- the usual suspectsHidden in plain sight- socialization isJust taken for granted—you don’t “see” itJust going through the motions, just doing itThe game Life- supposed to go to college, buy a house, etc.  teaching us social norms—“this is life”The Socially Approved “Path”:Go to school (high school then college)Barrier- can’t afford college based upon socioeconomic statusGet a jobCertain schools dictate which jobs are available to certain studentsGet marriedBuy a houseHave some kidsSocial reproduction- kids will be in same social strata as parentsWork real hardRetiredDie~What happens if you don’t follow this path, or skip a step?~-Had kids before you got a job or had kids before college there will be sanctions from friends, family and other formal things- school, work, etc.Social Psychological Aspects of Socialization:George Herbert Mead: The Self is Born of Society--Drew together a wide range of ideas to help launch the new field of social psychology-“Society may have the power to shape individuals, but people also have the capacity to mold their society”.Socialization- the process by which we internalize the attitudes, values, beliefs and norms of our culture and develop a sense of self“Internalize”= key part of thisGoal of socialization process is to get us to embrace these attitudes, values, beliefs, and norms as OUR OWNThis is what I believe..Personality: dominant pattern of attitudes, feelings, and behaviorsConcept of Self (Mead)Inseparable from society and the norms, beliefs, values and interactionPersonality and concept of self development as a social processDoesn’t happen in a vacuum*Concept of self is inseparable from society and social interaction~Are you an “actor” or are you merely being “acted upon” by socializing against (social structures)?Perhaps “reacting”?--Did you shape it yourself? Shaped by interactions we were exposed to and exposed ourselves to and what we took part in-Binge drinking= acting? Acted upon as what they saw as valued?Genetics probably do play some part in individuals’ personality characteristicsEmotional/behavioral/attitudinal traits from parents-BUT socialization makes a difference in how we interpret those characteristics and incorporate them into our sense of selfHow your parents, educations, etc. “treated” you  affects those traits and shaping sense of selfOutgoing child (really personable)  told to be quiet-suppressed that outgoing personalityGirls are more likely to be punished for being loud


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